38 OPIUM. PARAFFINUM. 



The following official preparations are derived from Opium. From the crude 

 drug: 



Extractum Opii, at least 20% morphine. Dose, 0.03 Gm. 



Pulvis Opii, at least 10% morphine. Dose, 0.06 Gm. 



Opium Granulatum, at least 10% morphine. Dose, 0.06 Gm. 



From the powdered drug are made : 



Opium Deodoratum abstraction of narcotine. Dose, 0.06 Gm. 



Pulvis Ipecacuanhae et Opii (10% of each). Dose, 0.5 Gm. 



Tinctura Opii Camphorata (paregoric), 0.4% Opium. Dose, 4 mils. This is 

 used in Mistura Glycyrrhizae Composita. 



From the granulated opium are made : 



Tinctura Opii (laudanum), at least 10% morphine. Dose, 0.5 mil. 



Tinctura Opii Deodorati, minus narcotine. Dose, 0.5 mil. This is a preferable 

 preparation for simple analgesia. 



The official alkaloids of Opium are: 



Morphine, M. Hydrochloride, and M. Sulphate. Dose, aa, 0.008 Gm. 



Codeine, C. Phosphate, and C. Sulphate. Dose, aa, 0.03 Gm. 



Diacetylmorphine, and D. Hydrochloride. Dose, aa, 0.003 Gm. 



Apomorphine Hydrochloride. Emetic dose, mouth, o.oi Gm. ; hypodermic, 0.005 

 Gm. 



PARAFFINUM. 



Paraffin is a purified mixture of solid hydrocarbons expressed from petroleum dis- 

 tillates of higher boiling points. 

 Properties: 



Appearance .... 

 Touch .... 



Color .. 



Odor ...... 



Taste .. 



Insoluble in HoO or CoH 5 OH. Soluble in ether, benzene, volatile oils. 



Melting Point, 50 to 51 C. This is too high a melting point for practical utility 

 in external medicine; 47 C. would be better. 



Place a small amount of asphalt varnish in a test-tube; heat this in a water bath 

 for half an hour. Place 0.75 Gm. olive oil in another test-tube, warm it on the water 

 bath, add 2 drops of the hot varnish, mix thoroughly; then, with stirring, add this to 

 48.75 Gm. melted paraffin (melting point 47 C.). Apply some of this to your 

 knuckles, allowing it to cool. At the same time apply on other knuckles some melted 

 official paraffin. When both are well solidified, note comparative 



Offic. Paraff.: 



Pliability 



Adhesiveness .. 



Detachability __ 



Ductility 



Prep. Paraff.: 

 Pliability 



Adhesiveness 

 Detachability . 

 Ductility 



Paraffin, prepared as above, is a useful surgical dressing. 



