40 PHENYLIS SALICYLAS. PILOCARPUS. 



PHENYLIS SALICYLAS. 



Salol is the phenyl ester of salicylic acid. 

 Properties: 



Appearance 

 Color .. 



Odor 

 Taste 



Note characteristic feel when bitten 



Solubility: H 2 O, I in 6670; C 2 H 5 OH, i in 6; very soluble in oils. 

 Incompatibilities: 

 To alcoholic solution (i in 20) add dil. FeCls 



Triturate with camphor, or chloral 



Phenyl Salicylate has been used in typhoid as an intestinal antiseptic; but perhaps 

 more extensively in rheumatism as a substitute for other salicylates. Its use is not 

 without danger, however, owing to the free phenol liberated in the intestines. Dose, 

 0.3 Gm. 



PHYSOSTIGMA. 



Physostigma, or Calabar Bean, consists of the dried ripe seeds of Physostigma 

 venenosum (Fam. Leguminosece), a climbing woody plant of Western Africa. Its 

 principal activity is due to the alkaloid physostigmine, the salicylate salt of which is 

 official. This should be kept from the light. 



Properties of P. Salicylate (Eserine Salicylate) : 



Appearance _ 



Color .. 



Odor 



Do not taste. 



Solubility: H 2 O, i in 75; C 2 H 5 OH, i in 16. 



To aq. sol. eserine add FeCls T. S 



Physostigmine is used by clinicians to stimulate unstriped muscle fibres in the in- 

 testines in cases of acute obstipation. Dose, o.ooi Gm. It is also used by ophthal- 

 mologists to reduce intra-ocular tension. 



PILOCARPUS. 



Pilocarpus consists of the dried leaflets of Pilocarpus Jaborandi, and P. micropliyl- 

 lus, (Fam. Rutacece), woody shrubs native to Northeastern Brazil. From its principal 

 alkaloid, pilocarpine, are prepared two official salts, the Hydrochloride and the Nitrate, 

 the former being preferable because of its greater solubility. 



Properties of P. Hydrochloride: 

 Appearance _ _ 



Color .. 



Odor 



Taste .. 



Solubility: H 2 O, i in 0.3; C^HsOH, i in 3. Hygroscopic in air. 

 Characteristic test for Pilocarpine: Dissolve 0.005 Gm. Pilocarpine Hydrochlor- 

 ide in 2 mils distilled water, add 2. mils slightly acid solution H 2 O 2 ; then add a thin 



