418 LABEADOE 



Silene acaulis greet the eye continually. Astragalus and 

 Oxytropis, Dryas, a great variety of saxifrages, Sedum, 

 Pedicularis, the violetlike Pinguicula, and many inconspic- 

 uous Cruciferce and Caryophyllacece complete the list of 

 forms more universally present in the early part of the 

 season. 



" After the beginning of August, when we had reached 

 a higher latitude, the character of the vegetation changed 

 considerably. Caribou-moss, curlewberry, blueberry, and 

 Arctostaphylos still remained the most continuous growths. 

 But the flowers began to change to more autumnal forms. 

 The Arctic goldenrod (Solidago Virga-aurea and S. macro- 

 phylla) appeared abundantly. The large showy pink 

 flowers of the Epilobium and the thick pink heads of 

 Lychnis were very prominent. Yellow Arnica alpina and 

 delicate blue harebells (Campanula) were common. A 

 yellow poppy (Papaver nudicaule), with early deciduous 

 petals, was not infrequent on the hilltops. A strikingly 

 beautiful flower, though a rare one, was the small twin- 

 flower (Linncea borealis) . Fungi, including Boleti, Russulce, 

 and various agarics, also became very abundant toward 

 the close of the summer ; they were fairly numerous in the 

 north, and the moist woods about Nain and Hopedale were 

 full of them." 



Thus far we have considered what are the main types and 

 characteristics of the plant forms that occur in Labrador 

 and the causes that make these predominant ; and what 

 are the main features and less frequent varieties of its 

 landscape, in so far as they are supplied by its floral cover : 

 ing. If now we consider the affinities of the plants of this 

 region with those in other parts of the world, a number of 

 curious and unexpected facts present themselves. Who, 

 for instance, would anticipate that the northern parts of 

 America possess many more plants like those of Arctic 



