THE FLORA 421 



subspecies, and occupy a larger area the farther south they 

 were driven. . . . Hence, on the return of warmth, many 

 more Scandinavian species would return to Arctic America 

 and Asia than survived in Greenland; some would be 

 changed in form, because only the favoured varieties could 

 have survived the struggle." 



The summer visitor to Labrador, whether scientist or 

 pleasure-seeker, may naturally be expected to have an 

 interest not only in the scientific aspects of its flora, but 

 also in the possibilities it presents of making additions to 

 his food -supplies. These are meagre, but, so far as they go, 

 of a very satisfactory nature. Garden vegetables, berry- 

 bearing plants, and fungi nearly exhaust the list of com- 

 monly known plants that is available for this purpose. 

 The former are raised sparingly in the fishing villages of 

 the southern portion of the coast, and by the missionaries 

 at the Moravian stations as far north as Nain. Edible 

 berries are exceedingly abundant, especially blueberries, 

 Arctic cranberries, and curlewberries. The last two kinds 

 require cooking to make them palatable, but then are de- 

 licious. The cloudberry, or bake-apple (Rubus Chamcemo- 

 rus) is abundant in some few parts of the country, and is 

 much esteemed by the natives. Raspberries also are found 

 in some localities. 



The fungi of Labrador have as yet received but little 

 study. The most common kinds, both of which are easily 

 identified by any one with a very slight knowledge of fungi, 

 are apparently various species of Boletus and of Russula. 

 These grow in considerable numbers almost everywhere. 

 Several other kinds of fungi are obtainable in smaller 

 quantities. They need much further investigation, and 



