THE ARCTIC FAUNA. 157 



connected from Great Britain. None of the Siberian 

 migrants seem to have been able to cross the River 

 Garonne, and \ve therefore find neither the Woodland 

 Reindeer nor any of the typical Siberian species 

 represented in the Pyrenean deposits. 



The Woodland Reindeer persisted in continental 

 Europe until comparatively recent times, and it has 

 since made its way into Scandinavia across Northern 

 Russia, and probably mingled with the older stock of 

 the Barren -ground form. In the same way, it may 

 have come about that in the English pleistocene 

 deposits the remains of the two races occur. 



In a recent contribution to our knowledge of the 

 deer tribe (c, p. 88), Mr. Lydekker suggests that the 

 former division of the Reindeer races into the two 

 forms of Woodland and Barren-ground Caribou, no 

 longer holds good. He now recognises no less than 

 six races, as follows : 



1. Rangifer tarandus typicus. 



2. spitzbergensis. 



3. caribou. 



4. terrae-novse. 



5. grcenlandicus. 



6. arcticus. 



I hardly think these can be considered of equal 

 value; indeed, though there may be differences 

 between R. groenlandicus, typicus, arcticus, and spilz- 

 bergensis, the antlers exhibit a certain much closer 

 relationship among one another than to R. terrcz- 

 novce and caribou. But the whole subject is by no 



