THE SIBERIAN MIGRATION. 1 99 



The closely allied Ground-beetles (Carabida) furnish 

 us with equally interesting and instructive proofs of a 

 migration from Asia. Over 300 species of Carabus 

 are known to science. The number of species 

 inhabiting Asia and Europe are about equal. But 

 the genus does not extend its range to Southern 

 Asia or to South America or Australia. Very 

 few species enter Africa, and only nine North 

 America, of which three also occur in Siberia. The 

 genus is unknown in Madeira, and only represented 

 by three species in the Canary Islands. To judge 

 from its distribution, it has probably originated in 

 Western Asia. Probably some Carabi of European 

 origin have spread into Asia, but the Asiatic or 

 we might say the Siberian origin and subsequent 

 migration westward of a number of well-known forms 

 appears to me evident. Such forms as C. clatkratus, 

 C. granulatus, and C. cancellatus are no doubt of 

 European origin, and have only in recent geological 

 times extended their range across Northern Asia, 

 whilst C. marginalis t coming fiom Siberia, can hardly 

 be said to have invaded Europe, since it has never 

 been met with farther west than the eastern provinces 

 of Prussia. 



Among the Carabidtz there are altogether very 

 many examples pointing to a migration from Asia to 

 Europe, but I do not wish here to give a list of all 

 such cases, and only refer to a few of the more, 

 remarkable ones. One of the European species of 

 Demetrias (D. unipunctatus), known to English ento- 



