336 HISTORY OF THE EUROPEAN FAUNA. 



more and more scarce in Scotland. The centre of 

 distribution of the genus lies in Arctic America, and 

 from there the genus has spread to Europe and 

 Asia. L. albus and L. mutus appear in our continent 

 chiefly as Arctic migrants. 



The Black Grouse (Lyrurus tetrix) belongs to a 

 closely allied genus, which has only two species. 

 One of these is very local in distribution, being con- 

 fined to the Caucasus, but the smallness of range is 

 to some extent compensated for by the peculiarity 

 of its name, which is L. mlokosiewiczi. The Black 

 Grouse, on the contrary, is widely distributed. It 

 inhabits Northern Asia from the Pacific to the Ural 

 Mountains, and extends as far south as Pekin and 

 the Tian Shan range. In Europe it is found from 

 the extreme east to the Pyrenees, the Apennines on 

 the south, and to Great Britain and Scandinavia 

 in the north. It is important to note its absence 

 from Spain, the Mediterranean islands, and Ireland ; 

 and we have learned that it is one of those Siberian 

 migrants which have succeeded in establishing them- 

 selves in the Alps. 



The Capercaillie (Telrao urogaUus) another great 

 favourite with sportsmen is now generally separated 

 generically from the Black Grouse, though they are 

 of course near relations. Its range greatly resembles 

 that of the Black Grouse, except that it does not go 

 quite as far east in Siberia, not having been met 

 with beyond Lake Baikal. From there it is found 

 westward as far as the Pyrenees. It occurs also in 



