Xll CONTENTS. 



PAGES 



FOURTH PERIOD NEWER DEVELOPMENT OF GEO- 

 LOGY AND PALAEONTOLOGY - 145-152 



General survey, 145 ; The influence of the Universities, 

 of Geological Societies, and of the Geological Survey 

 Departments, 146. 



CHAPTER I. 

 COSMICAL GEOLOGY- - 153-171 



Cosmogony, 153; The Sun, 156; The fixed stars ,and 

 planets, 157; The Moon, 161 ; Meteorites and falling 

 stars, 163 ; Geogeny, 166. 



CHAPTER II. 

 PHYSIOGRAPHICAL GEOLOGY- - 172-185 



Form, size, and weight of the Earth, 174; The Earth's 

 internal heat and the constitution of its interior, 175 ; 

 Morphology of the Earth's surface, 181. 



CHAPTER III. 



DYNAMICAL GEOLOGY - 186-323 



General survey, 1 86 ; Carl von Hoff, 187 ; Sir Charles 

 Lyell, 189 ; (a) Geological action of the atmosphere, 197 ; 

 (b) Geological action of water Springs, 200 ; Chemical 

 action of water, 202; Erosion, 203; Denudation, 214; 

 Mechanical sediments, 215; Chemical deposits in water, 

 217; (c) Geological effects of ice, 220; Glaciers, 220; 

 The Ice Age, 222 ; (d) Geological action of organisms, 

 239 ; Peat, 240 ; Coals, 240 ; Siliceous earth, 243 ; 

 Algal and foraminiferal limestone, 243 ; Coral reefs, 245 ; 

 Petroleum, 253 ; (e) Volcanoes, 254 ; (/) Earthquakes, 

 280 ; (g) Secular movements of upheaval and depression, 

 285 ; (//) Older dislocations in the earth's crust, 295 ; 

 Tectonic structure and origin of the continents and 

 mountain-chains, 306. 



