522 HISTORY OF GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY. 



localities, in ascending order, Neocomien, Aptien, Albien 

 (Gault), Turonien, Senonien. In D'Orbigny's Elementary 

 Course and his Prodrome, he inserted two additional stages : 

 Urgonien, between Neocomien and Aptien ; and Ceno- 

 manien, as the equivalent of the Upper Greensand between 

 Albien and Turonien. 



The horizons defined by D'Orbigny were soon generally 

 accepted in France, in spite of some resistance shown by 

 D'Archiac. They were also gradually adopted in other 

 European countries, with the exception of Great Britain, 

 where geologists still continued to use the classificatory hori- 

 zons and terminology introduced by W. Smith, Conybeare and 

 Phillips, and Fitton. 



In the year 1876, Barrois made a very successful effort 

 to identify in the Upper Cretaceous deposits of England and 

 Ireland the same zonal sequence as had been established by 

 Hebert for those deposits in the Paris basin. The systematic 

 arrangement drawn up by Barrois found recognition in 

 England, and the comparison was carried out by Horace 

 Woodward in his Geology of England and Wales (1887) for 

 the complete series of Cretaceous deposits. It seems, there- 

 fore, at the present day, as if the stratigraphical succession of 

 the youngest Mesozoic system had been fairly well worked out 

 in England and the Paris basin. 



In Germany also, the comparative aspect of the groups and 

 zones in the different areas has become much better known. 

 In 1849, Geinitz published a general survey of the Cretaceous 

 formation in Germany, tracing the four main sub-divisions 

 which he had previously recognised in Saxony and Bohemia in 

 their further extension towards the Baltic, the Rhine, Poland, 

 and Hungary. In the course of his researches, he corrected 

 several blunders that had been made by previous authors; for 

 example, he identified the true age of the greensand at Essen, 

 and the Planer marls at Priesen in Bohemia; and Geinitz also 

 compared all the horizons of the German Cretaceous deposits 

 with the " Stages " established by D'Orbigny for the French 

 development. 



Beyrich's study of the Cretaceous system in Silesia and the 

 northern skirt of the Harz mountains elucidated the strati- 

 graphical and tectonical relations of that region in a masterly 

 way. Beyrich's memoir was published in the Zeitschrift in 

 1849, an d in this and several later contributions, Beyrich 



