STRATIGRAPHICAL GEOLOGY. 523 



expressed his disapproval of the term " Quader-Sandstone 

 Formation," which Hoffmann had suggested for the Creta- 

 ceous system in Germany, and Geinitz had supported and 

 adopted. Beyrich and his friend and colleague, Julius Ewald, 

 held strongly to the uniform acceptance of D'Orbigny's classifi- 

 cation. 



An interesting treatise was written by Leopold von Buch in 

 1849 on the geographical distribution of the Cretaceous forma- 

 tions. Buch tried to show that unlike the Jurassic and 

 Triassic rocks, the Cretaceous rocks nowhere extended into 

 the higher polar regions in Europe, Asia, and North America, 

 but were chiefly confined to the temperate zones. He con- 

 cluded from this, that the influence of the earth's internal 

 heat had diminished in the higher latitudes, and that the 

 geographical limits of the Cretaceous formations gave an 

 indication of the surface distribution of the earth's internal 

 heat. 



Geinitz and Beyrich had pointed out the general agreement 

 between the Cretaceous formations in the neighbourhood of 

 Regensburg and Kelheim and those in Bohemia and Saxony. 

 Giimbel, as director of the Bavarian Survey, was in a position 

 to bring out in full detail the equivalence of the Bavarian 

 deposits with those of the adjacent countries. This he 

 accomplished in an admirable work published by the Bavarian 

 Academy in 1868. The Bavarian deposits have yielded very 

 valuable and plentiful fossil remains. 



As has appeared from the context, D'Archiac rejected 

 D'Orbigny's arrangement and nomenclature of the French 

 Cretaceous deposits. His Histoire des Progres de la Geologic 

 (1853) still retained the older classifications. On the other 

 hand, the most distinguished representative of the strati- 

 graphical direction of research, Hebert, 1 adopted D'Orbigny's 

 sub-divisions, and won for them a secure foundation in virtue 

 of his detailed and excellent investigation of the Cretaceous 

 formations of the Paris basin, Belgium, the neighbourhood of 



1 Edmond Hebert, born I2th June 1812, at Villefargeau (Yonne), son of 

 a large agriculturist, studied in Auxerre and Paris at the Normal School ; 

 in 1836 became professor at Meaux ; returned in 1838 as demonstrator in 

 Chemistry and Physics at the Normal School in Paris ; and was in 1852 

 appointed Master of Conferences for Geology. In 1857 he succeeded his 

 teacher, Constant Prevost, as Professor of Geology at the Sorbonne, and 

 displayed remarkable activity as a teacher there until his death on the 

 4th April 1890. 



