5 6o 



INDEX OF SUBJECTS. 



Earth pillars, 207 



Earthquakes, early theories about, 



9 ; later theories, 44, 66, 100, 



193, 200 et seq. 

 Echinoderms, fossil, 130, 395 

 Elevation crater theory, 256, 262 

 Eozoon Canadense, 386, 439 

 Erosion, 84, 207 et seq. ; by ice, 



231, 234 



Erratics, 75, 117, 225, 226, 235 

 Etna, 266 



Faroe Islands, volcanoes of, 272 



Fishes, fossil, 132, 410 



Flotz formations, 58, 82 



Foraminifera, fossil, 244, 383 et seq. 



Fossils, in antiquity, 3, 7 ; various 

 opinions about, 13 et seq.) 41, 48, 

 56, 94, 95, 102, 106, 109, 116, 

 121, 125 et seq.; later views, 363 

 et seq., 466 et seq., 507 



France, geology of, 100 et seq. 



Gabbro, 122, 359 



Geogeny, 166 



Geognosy, 47, 57, 84 et seq. 



Geography, 172 et seq. 



"Geology," the term, 47, 76 



Glaciers, 72, 220 et seq. 



Gneiss, 324, 352 et seq. 



Gondwana system, 457 



Granite, 72, 86, 115, 124, 195, 324, 



342^^,348,351, 355 

 Great Britain, geology of, 108 et seq. 

 Great Salt Lake of Utah, 219 

 Greensand, 515 et seq. 



H 



Hawaii, volcanoes of, 273 

 Himalayas, 310 

 Holothuridoe, fossil, 396 



I 



Ice, effects of, 220 et seq. 

 Ice Age, 222 et seq., 235, ^237 

 Iceland, volcanoes of, 267 

 India, volcanoes of, 273 



Ireland, geology of, 114 

 Italy, geology of, 94 et seq. 



Java, volcanoes of, 273 

 Jurassic system, 497 et seq. 



K 



Karrenfelder, 203 

 Ken per, 460, 481, 490 

 Kieselguhr, 243 



Laccolite, 278, 351 



Land by sea, invasion of, 212 et seq. 



Lava, 98, 260, 330, 345 



Level, cause of oscillation of, 289 et 



seq. 

 Limestone, 73, 243, 383, 451, 465, 



491, 515 et seq. 

 Lipari Islands, 267 

 Loess, 199 



M 



Mammals, fossil, 134 et seq., 418 et 



seq. 

 Maps, early geological, 35, 37, 38, 



39, in, 112, 113 

 Mediterranean, 318 

 Medusas, fossil, 392 

 Metamorphic rock, 353 et seq. 

 Meteorites, 163 

 Mexico, volcanoes of, 274 

 Molluscoidea, fossil, 397 et seq. 

 Molluscs, fossil, 130, 400 et seq., 



430 



Mont Blanc, first ascent of, 52 

 Moon, the, 161 

 Moraines, 224 

 Morphology of earth's surface, 181 



et seq. 

 Mountains, early theories about, 8, 



50 ; later theories, 295 et seq. 

 Mountain-climbing, pioneer of, 53 

 Muschelkalk, 459 et seq. 



