HISTORY OF THE HUMAN BODY 



stomach as that of the mouse (Fig. 80, b), in which the con- 

 diac and pyloric halves are separated by a marked restriction, 

 and this tendency reaches its extreme in the ruminants (Fig. 

 80, h), where each of these two primary sub-divisions is again 

 divided, forming a stomach of four compartments, in two 

 pairs. The cardiac portion is divided into a voluminous paunch 

 (rumen), which receives the food when first taken in, and a 

 small, round honey-comb stomach (reticulum), in which the 

 food from the paunch is made up into cuds. The pyloric por- 



FIG. 80. Stomachs of various mammals. 



(a) Man; (b) mouse; (c) pig; (d) seal; (e) vampire bat; (f) manatee; (g) 

 sloth; (h) sheep. 



tion is divided into an omasus and an abomasus, into which 

 the food passes in succession when swallowed a second time. 

 Local enlargements of surface frequently appear in the form 

 of a prolongation of the fundus into one or more diverticula 

 (Fig. 80, e, f and g). There are two of these in the hippo- 

 potamus; three in Tarsipes, a small, insect-eating marsupial; 

 and in the vampire bat, Desmodus (Fig. 80, e), the fundus 

 is elongated to form a ccecum of twice the length of the body, 

 used as a reservoir for blood. 



