Brachionaea.~\ THE INFUSORIA. 415 



Between the rotatory organs are from one to three frontal 

 processes, which are provided with long cilii, or feeler-like 

 hairs ; between these processes, in six species, are from 

 two to four long styles or bristles. The rotatory organs, 

 when not completely extended, sometimes appear as if 

 two or three-lobed. In all the species, from two to eight 

 internal muscles, for moving the vibratory organs, are 

 observed ; also two foot muscles ; and in six species from 

 two to eight internal longitudinal ones. The digestive 

 system comprises a large muscular oesophagal head, with 

 two many-toothed jaws (mostly five, in B. polyacanthus 

 four toothed) ; a short oesophagus, and a constricted ali- 

 mentary canal (gasterodela) ; except in B. militaris, which 

 is simple and conical (coelogastrica) ; two biliary glands, 

 variously modified in form, are present in all. Seven species 

 are hermaphrodite, male glands, a contractile vesicle, and 

 an ovarium being seen ; in the others, their roughness pre- 

 cludes their being satisfactorily perceived. No species is 

 viviparous. All of them carry their eggs attached, often 

 as many as eight or ten at a time. B. pala allows the eggs 

 of another creature to be attached to its back, which it 

 carries about until the young creep out. Traces of a 

 vascular system are indicated in all by the presence of a 

 respiratory tube in the neck; in B. pala are transverse 

 vessels, and in four species, from six to eight tremulous 

 gill-like organs are attached to the sexual glands. Of the 

 nervous system, the chief ganglion, that beneath the 

 red eye, is distinct in all. In four, the pigment of the eye 

 is inclosed in a sharply four-cornered cell, as in Cyclops, 

 and appears to be two cells connected together late- 

 rally. In the cell, the pigment is variously distributed, 



