98 



The egg is laid on blades of grass in July or August. The young cater- 

 pillar emerges in about a fortnight, and feeds very slowly for a while, retiring 

 to hybernate among the grass stems near the ground. It may be found 

 again in May, or even in April, at dusk or after dark, by the aid of a lighted 

 lantern, and is full-fed in June, when it turns into a chrysalis, in which state 

 it continues for three or four weeks. 



The little section Pyronia, to which TitJionus and a couple of other species 

 belong, is princpally located in South-western Europe. This species is the 

 commonest and most widely distributed over Europe and Western Asia, but 

 is absent from Scandinavia, as well as the greater part of Eastern Europe. 

 It is generally distributed throughout England, frequenting hedgerows and 

 bushy places, but not open fields like Janira. In Scotland it is local and 

 not common, being recorded from Kirkcudbright, Perthshire, and the west 

 coast of Rosshire. It apparently does not occur in the Isle of Man, and is 

 not generally distributed over Ireland. 



Dr. Merrett briefly described it in his " Pinax, 1667." 



James Petiver, in his " Papilionum Brittannise Icones," published in 

 1717, states "that it is seen about hedges in August." 



Lewin, in his "Insects of Great Britain/' 1795, informs us that " Titho- 

 nus, is a common species, and frequents the sides of hedges and the environs 

 of woods, when on the wing." 



Haworth, in his " Lepidoptera Brittannise," describes it under the name of 

 Pilosella, Fabricius. 



SUB-GENUS ENODIA. 

 Hubner. 



This sub-genus or section was formed by Hubner for the reception of 

 Hyperanthus, which differs from the preceding by the hindwings not being 

 denticulated, and by having very hairy and elongated palpi. There is also 

 some difference in the situation of the second branch of the post-costal vein 

 of the forewings. 



HIPPARCHIA HYPERANTHUS. 

 The Kinglet. 



HYPERANTHUS, Linn. Hyperan'thus, probably a typographical error for 

 Hyperanthes, a son of Darius, who fell at Thermopylae. 



This plain-coloured butterfly varies in the expanse of its wings from one 

 and a half to a couple of inches. The uppe surface of all the wings is a very 

 dark brown or almost black, without any si ade or markings, sometimes with 



