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trasting more, the paler shade being paler than the type, the red 

 bands and spots being brighter red, and the black deeper. I have a 

 small specimen from Carlisle similar to the Irish. The Scotch form, Scoiica, 

 of Buchanan White, is smaller and scarcely so densely scaled, the red and 

 yellow not so distinctly different, and the black duller in hue. Both this 

 and the Irish form often have the inner half of the red band near the hind- 

 margin of a pale straw colour. In the north of England the insect is like 

 the Scotch form, but as we approach the south the specimens are usually 

 larger, the red and yellow markings still nearer each other in shade, and the 

 black marks and veins are browner. Specimens occur not unfrequently with 

 little or no black on the underside, while Dr. Gill had one with the upperside 

 quite obscured with smoky black. 



Two somewhat similar examples are figured in London's " Magazine of 

 Natural History," Vol. VI., p. 378. The first differs from the type by the 

 absence of the red band, which is replaced on the lower wings by a row of 

 black dots in straw coloured rings : there is also a reddish patch running 

 from the middle to the inner-margin of each. This curious specimen was 

 taken by J. C. Dale at Enborne, in Berkshire, on June 16th, 1810. The 

 ocelli on the under-wings give it somewhat the appearance of Cinxia. The 

 second was found at Haverfordwest by Capt. Blorcer. In this speci- 

 men, the upperside is much obscured with smoky black, thus rendering the 

 reddish band very conspicuous. Both of these varieties are females. In 

 another I have, there is a large smoky black patch at the base of the lower- 

 wings. 



Stephens, in his " Illustrations," gives the following varieties. 



Var. b. With the base and posterior margin of all the wings tessellated 

 with fulvous and whitish. 



Var. c. With the wings similar to the last at the base : the anterior with 

 three oblong fulvous spots near thecosta towards the middle; then a fulvous 

 fascia composed of very narrow elongated longitudinal stripes : a waved band 

 composed of quadrate fulvous spots ; and a black marginal band bearing 

 lunulated fulvous spots beneath, similar to the first described. 



Var. d. Posterior wings beneath, with the irregular basal band totally 

 obliterated : the central band not edged with black externally. 



Var. e. The posterior wings beneath with the basal half fulvous, the 

 exterior half ochraceous, with an obsolete row of black spots. 



The variety Provinciate, Boisd., occurs in the south of Fiance, c., and 

 is a large insect with scarcely any perceptible difference between the red and 

 yellow bands, the divisions between them and the wing rays being brownish 

 black. The French type differs considerably from the south of England form, 



