380 Fruit-growing in Arid Regions 



tree, whereas with three or more scaffold limbs, one may be re- 

 moved without serious loss. 



Blight usually gains entrance to the trunk and larger limbs 

 through short fruit spurs and watersprouts. Such growths 

 should not be allowed to form on the lower portions of the scaffold 

 limbs. Longer fruiting-wood is allowable, but a departure from 

 the rules of good pruning will make trees less liable to injury by 

 body blight. 



No doubt all growers have noticed that some varieties blight 

 worse than others. The Bartlett pear is in this class, while the 

 Kieffer is perhaps the most resistant. Sweet apples and the 

 crabs are also very susceptible. Experienced growers soon recog- 

 nized these differences and have selected their varieties for recent 

 plantings accordingly. 



Personally, we believe that the pear-growing industry in the 

 West is doomed. Even in the few sections where a good many 

 acres still remain the disease is gradually spreading, and from 

 present appearances it would seem that in a comparatively short 

 time these orchards will be worthless. This is a condition greatly 

 to be deplored, as the pear is one of the finest fruits, and it has 

 been a very profitable one to grow. But there is the consolation 

 of knowing that with the passing of the pear trees a constant 

 source of infection for apple trees is eliminated. 



Insect Enemies of Pear 



Codlin-moth. See under Apple. 

 Green Aphis. See under Apple. 

 Howard's Scale. See under Plum. 

 Pear-slug. See under Cherry. 

 San Jose" Scale. See under Plum. 



DISEASES AND INSECTS OP THE PLUM 



Fungous Diseases 

 Crown-gall. See under Apple. 



