CHAPTER X. 

 JUDGING BEEF AND DUAL PURPOSE CATTLE. 



EVOLUTION AND IMPORTANCE OF BEEF CATTLE 

 INDUSTRY. 



THE evolution of the beef cattle industry has had as its 

 basis the application of better methods of breeding and 

 feeding, the extent of these developments having depended 

 largely on closer selection of animals for these two purposes. 

 Selection involves judging, which is the nucleus of all live 

 stock improvement. The improvement of the beef cattle 

 industry through this agency is therefore important, both 

 from the standpoint of present-day and future breeders. 

 Viewed from the standpoint of the large cattle markets which 

 are responsible for directing the large number of cattle 

 passing through them, the importance of the industry 

 becomes eminent. 



The cattle breeding industry is supported in a large meas- 

 ure by the small breeder, who is responsible for the kind and 



EXPLANATION OF FIG. 90. 



1 Mouth. 13 Neck. 26 Scrotum or cod. 



2 Nostrils. 14 Shoulder junction. 27 Hindflanks. 



3 Face. 15 Top of shoulder. 28 Sides or ribs. 



4 Ears. .16 Crops. 29 Back. 



5 Eyes. 17 Heart girth. 30 Loin. 



6 Forehead. 18 Shoulders. 31 Loin. 



7 Poll. 19 Fore flank. 33 Thighs. 



8 Horns. 20 Knees. 34 Rump. 



9 Jaws. 21 Shanks. 35 Tailhead. 



10 Throat. 22 Feet. 36 Twist. 



11 Dewlap. 23 Dew claws. 37 Tail. 



12 Brisket. 24 Belly or underline. 38 Hocks. 



25 Sheath. 

 (222) 



