312 JUDGING DAIRY CATTLE 



udder usually very well proportioned. The mammary veins 

 and wells are medium in size. The quality is only average, 

 the skin being too thick, the hair inclined to be coarse, and 

 the joints large. In dairy temperament the breed ranks 

 fair. It is adapted to rough, mountainous conditions, not 

 having become widely disseminated in this country. 



STANDARD OF EXCELLENCE AND SCALE OF POINTS FOR BROWN 

 Swiss Cows AND HEIFERS. 



Points. 



HEAD. Medium size and rather long 2 



FACE. Dished, narrow between horns and wide between eyes . 2 

 EARS. Large, fringed inside with light colored hair; skin inside 



of ear a deep orange color 2 



NOSE. Black, large and square with mouth surrounded by mealy 



colored band, tongue black 2 



EYES. Moderately large, full and bright 2 



HORNS. Short, regularly set with black tips 2 



NECK. Straight, throat clean, neatly joined to head, shoulders 



of good length and moderately thin at the shoulder ... 4 



CHEST. Low, deep and full between and back of forelegs . . 6 



BACK. Level to setting on of tail and broad across the loin . . 6 

 RIBS. Long and broad, wide apart and well sprung with thin, 



arching flanks 3 



ABDOMEN. Large and deep 5 



HIPS. Wide apart, rump long and broad 4 



THIGHS. Wide with heavy quarters 4 



LEGS. Short and straight with good hoofs 2 



TAIL. Slender with good switch 2 



HIDE. Of medium thickness, mellow and elastic 3 



COLOR. Shades from dark to light brown, at some seasons of 

 the year gray; white splashes near udder not objectionable, 

 light stripe along back. White splashes on body or sides 

 objectionable. Hair between horns usually lighter shade than 



body 4 



FORE UDDER. Wide, deep but not pendulous or fleshy, extending 



far forward on the abdomen 12 



HIND UDDER. Wide, deep, but not pendulous or fleshy, extending 



well up behind 12 



TEATS. Rather large, set well apart and hanging straight down 8 

 MILK VEINS. Large, long, tortuous, elastic and entering good 



wells 6 



ESCUTCHEON. Well defined, spreading over thighs and extend- 

 ing well upward 2 



DISPOSITION. Quiet 2 



SIZE. Mature cows should weigh no< less than 1100 pounds . 3 



Total 100 



