42 STATE BOARD OF HORTICULTURE. 



moistened when inserted into the stock. When several cions 

 are to be inserted into large branches they must be placed a 

 good distance apart. The insertion being made, the parts are 

 wrapped with cloth or twine. Then grafting wax is spread 

 on the wounds, on the cuts and on the bark corresponding 

 with the inserted cions, so as to prevent laceration. 



By making the crown grafting near the ground as much as 

 possible, both the cion and the stock can be covered with earth 

 as far as the higher buds, in this manner, the success is more 

 certain and the development more prompt, as the drying up of 

 the parts is prevented and the development of roots from the 

 incisions facilitated. 



When only one cion is to be inserted into the plant, the suc- 

 cess of the grafting is more certain if the stocks are cut off 

 obliquely and the corresponding end of the branch hewed to a 

 wedge, beginning with a small tongue at an acute angle. This 

 tongue is necessary to make an exact joint with the oblique 

 surface of the stock. 



Indoor Grafting. This method, as illustrated in figures on 

 page 43, is practiced mostly indoor, in the greenhouse or under 

 frames. The stock is not entirely cut off, as shown in the 

 illustration, but about half of the foliage is removed. The 

 operation is performed by cutting into the stock, simply press- 

 ing the knife slightly 3 so that when the cut above is made it 

 will form at the lower part a cut in the shape of a V- This 

 cut is made directly over a bud (a leaf) on the stock. This 

 has the tendency of drawing to the graft nutritious sap, 

 which keeps it alive, and aids it in uniting with the stock. 

 The graft is then trimmed, leaving to it about one third of the 

 leaves, as shown in the illustration, and inserted in the 

 stock. Care must be taken that both barks fit exactly on one 

 side; the other side does not matter, as it heals over in time. 

 The graft may be waxed, if the operator so desires, but it is 

 immaterial, unless under low heat or no heat at all. After 

 the graft has started, the stock above the bud is cut back, when 

 the tree may be removed to the open air or planted in nursery. 



Grafting in Localities of Dry Atmospheric Conditions.* 



"From my experience in grafting olives, in the Fresno district, 

 I consider February the best month, as I have experimented 



* George C. Roeding, of Fresno. 



