80 STATE BOARD OF HORTICULTURE. 



use, first diluting one gallon with six and a half gallons of 

 water, and to this mixture add two and a half pounds of 

 good home-made soap dissolved in hot water. All the mixing 

 should be done with hot water, and the emulsion should be 

 applied at a temperature of 140 F. During spraying great 

 care must be taken not to allow the kerosene to rise to the 

 surface of the water. The best way to prevent this is by one 

 man doing the stirring while the other men do the pumping 

 and spraying. 



Kahles'* Distillate Solution. 



Distillate 28 (untreated) 5 gallons. 



Hot water .__ 5 gallons. 



Whale-oil soap _. 1% pounds. 



The whale-oil soap must first be dissolved in the water; then 

 add the dissolved soap to the distillate. It is important that 

 the distillate be placed in the mixing vessel first, then place 

 the dissolved soap on top. Then attach your spraying pump 

 to the bottom of the vessel in which you are mixing the com- 

 pound, and keep pumping it out of the vessel through the 

 spraying pump back into the vessel, until the whole becomes 

 of a rich creamy substance. Keep pumping or churning it 

 through the pump until it becomes a complete emulsion, with- 

 out a speck of free oil in sight, which will take from ten to 

 fifteen minutes. When properly emulsified, it should increase 

 in volume about one third, because it becomes aerified* 



If the ground is in good condition, containing proper 

 moisture, and the trees are healthy and growing, you can 

 apply the spray in the proportion of eleven parts of water 

 to one of the emulsion. Always put your emulsion in the 

 apparatus first, then add the water. The stock compound and 

 the cold water will mix as readily as milk and water, and 

 when finished should resemble milk in all appearances. If 

 the trees are dormant, do not use it so strong; -say, about 

 twelve or fourteen gallons of water to one gallon of the stock 

 compound. When spraying be careful to observe any parti- 

 cles of oil which may not have been thoroughly emulsified, 

 and which rise to the surface. In this event, do not pump it 

 all out, but only that which is the correct emulsion, and when 

 near the bottom empty the oil off. 



* F. Kahles, Superintendent of Crocker-S perry Lemon Grove, Montecito. 



