Peochedings of the Faemees' Cluh. 713 



a cow to live acres ; a 100 acre farm should carry twenty ; 200 acres, 

 forty ; and so on. I find that two cLasses of faa^mers prosper in dairy 

 districts, tLose who liave 300 acres or more, and can keep cows 

 enough to make it an object to employ a first-class cheese maker, 

 and have a large vat, a good* cheese room, and a big drove of pigs. 

 One vat will require about four presses. It will not wan-ant buying 

 a boiler to make steam. Such a farmer must keep a good many 

 hands to produce corn and make hay. They do just about as 

 much in the field as is done on places where there is no milk- 

 ing to do. The pigs kept to drink the whey will force the far- 

 mer to make good crops of corn, and the manure from the pig- 

 sty will help him to do it. The development of the factory system 

 has, in many counties of northern Ohio and central New York, 

 raised land from an average of sixty dollars to an average of eighty 

 dollars per acre. Another class of farmers who do well in the fac- 

 tory system are poor men with large families. Such a man can rent 

 a grass farm and manage a herd of from thirty to fifty cows, yet hire 

 verj' little, except in haying. Every person over eight can milk 

 from two to ten cows. The factory takes all, and takes it every day. 

 There are no delays, doubts or hazards about the income. If the 

 outgo is small, the man grows rich ; for, except in haying, a girl of 

 twelve can be of almost as much service in a milk yard as a man, 

 yet not miss a day at the district school, and the best men and 

 women in the country have been reared under just such pressures. 

 The way prices are tending now, I say to every man, whose land is 

 natural to grass, Iniy coics. 



Dr. Isaac P. Trimble. — I would like to inquire what anatto is used 

 for. 



The Chairman. — To give to cheese the color of Orange county but- 

 ter, which otherwise would look like a pale luna. 



Mr. F. D. Curtis. — The taste of people is so vitiated that they 

 have come to think that cheese that is rich must lie yellow. This is 

 not true, but the producer is nevertheless bound to regard the 

 whim. 



Deep and Shallow Plowing. 



Dr. F. M. Hexamer. — The example farmer of Westchester county 



gave the following review and judgment as" to the depth of furrows : 



According to the published proceedings of this Club, Dr. Trimble 



said here at a recent meeting: "I have re]H>rt5 from some who have 



