746 Transactioxs of tue American Institute. 



be sure aud cat so the severed end will rest on tlie ground. Tlie 

 thrift of a transplanted tree depends on having the earth pressed close 

 about the wound. As he puts the tree in let him press the earth 

 around the small roots that have been cut. The top should be trim- 

 med also to correspond with the root pruning ; remove a tliird or a 

 lialf, jSTever manure in the hole with yard compost. If anything is 

 used let it be ashes and bone dust, but rotted turf is better than 

 either. Tiien litter or mulch the surface with straw or other trash 

 to the depth of three or four inches. This will carry the orchard 

 through the lirst year. Then if he manures let him use ashes, half a 

 bushel to the tree, and some lime. But unless the soil is poor it will 

 not need manuring so much as cultivation. When young trees have 

 overborne they should be cut back and the earth fertilized. Clay is 

 good fur trees, especiall}'- on sandy surfaces ; but it is bad policy to 

 dump stuff of any sort into a hole and expect a tree to grow on what 

 you give it there. Fertilizers should be pretty well combined with 

 the whole surface. By doing as I have recommended to this friend 

 in Iowa, I do not lose over one tree in a hundred at transplanting. 



Ieon for Peach Trees. 



Mr. J. E, Wagoner, living on Long Island, some fifty miles east of 

 the city,|brouglit to the Club rooms prunings from his orchard, illus- 

 trating the efiect of putting iron around peach trees. He took an old 

 place with twenty trees in the orchard, full of dead limbs, with yel- 

 low leaves and the crotches oozing thick gum. lie gave the earth a 

 good top-dressing of iron, breaking up old plows and stoves, and scat- 

 tering the fragments. The effect has been marvelous. The trees 

 have renewed their youth, look strong and thrifty ; the bark is tight, 

 and the leaves all green, and the borer has disappeared. He thinks 

 the slag of iron furnaces, ground up and spread on oi-chards, would 

 prove a very valuable fertilizer for all orchards. 



Mr. J. B. Lyman. — Some time since Prof. Ilorsford of Cambridge, 

 told me that by recent tests he had found phosphate of iron on the 

 upper surface of leaves and in the skin of fruits. If they require 

 iron, and none or very little is in the soil, it must be added by the 

 orchard is t. 



Mr. John Crane. — I believe in iron on the peach. It may not 

 cure the yellows ; but it generally gives good high-colored fruit. lu 

 many i)arts of Jersey they have bog mud in which there is a great 

 deal of iron rust. This has always been found an excellent applica- 

 tion on peach orchards. 



