No. 149.] 201 



lileo for disclosing a sublime truth, still exists in an American 

 University, and, unhappily, this is not the only instance of seve- 

 ral I can adduce. 



Again, a more learned and liberal professor, who has long de- 

 voted particular attention to the subject of steam, has been 

 attempting an apology for the astounding errors of Gay Lussac, 

 and Dr. Dalton, by stating their experiments having been made 

 on steam of less temperature than two hundred and twelve de- 

 grees, were established laws of nature : while all mino having 

 been made on steam of greater temperature than two hundred 

 and twelve degrees, though true, they were from that cause in- 

 comparable with those writers' experiments, and therefore, there 

 was no diflerence between us. 



Very unhappily for those established laws, and for this most 

 learned and able apology — but more happily for science and the 

 general welfare of mankind, they have led me to investigate the 

 combination of greater heat with steam below the temperature of 

 two hundred and twelve degrees, because it has disclosed the 

 greater discovery that a volume of steam below two hundred 

 and twelve degrees, heated apart from water, is proportionally far 

 more expanded by extra heat, than is steam above two hundred 

 and twelve degrees expanded by extra heat ; and these newer 

 facts will become unquestionable to auy competent judge perus- 

 ing the details of instruments and means piu'sued for eliciting 

 the truth. 



The speaker then detailed the mechanical means and the in- 

 struments by which he produced the results above stated. But 

 this part of the lecture would be unintelligible without diagrams, 

 and we must therefore pass it over. 



The great economy that will result from the conversion of 

 steam to stame, and its costliness for motive force, cannot but 

 be apparent to any competent and candid judge, but great as is 

 that economy, it possesses other great recommendations. 



First let it be considered how desirable it would be that 

 marine steamers should be propelled with double their present 

 speed and less fuel. To accomplish this, it is well known four 



