No. 199.] 471 



the Empire, and that in hardly one generation, we have tripled the 

 revenue which all the territory of France yielded under Louis 

 XVI, before the benefits of the revolution, and lastly that it is quad- 

 ruple that of the day of Louis XIV. Such is the fruit of industry, of 

 intelligence and of the happy effects of public liberty. 



The apple trees of Jformandy, in 1848, June. — Our apple trees, 

 "which presented so' rich an appearance only a month ago, do not 

 keep their promise ; we are assured that the cider fruit is a general 

 failure, not much complaint is made about it because the cellars are 

 full of the abundant crop of 1847. and the apple trees require repose 

 after it. 



Horses. — The English horse and the Arab horse, are equally useful 

 in the work of amehorating the race, but the Arab horse ought to be 

 especially employed in the south of France. 



Pulverized Manures. — We are informed that the society for the en- 

 couragement of agriculture in Paris, has given to the general manure 

 company, the large gold medal of 3000 francs, $600, for the course 

 they have taken in converting excrement by disinfection into manure. 



Judge Van Wyck. — Cattle can hardly be fatted on pasture or hay, 

 jnless of the very finest quality. The mectt so foimcu I.i aiiJoacicJIy 

 most delicious and wholesome, the result of rich natural feed, of pure 

 open air and good water. It requires as rich soil, careful manage- 

 ment, selection of finest and purest seeds, freedom from foul seeds and 

 careful feeding too. Our grain does not need more of all this care- 

 ful management. And cattle should not be allowed to pasture, until 

 the grasses are sufficiently strong to bear the tread of animals j nor 

 should too many of them be put on a field at one time ;. over stocking 

 is especially to be avoided. By inattention to these points, the farmer, 

 his land and his cattle are ultimately all losers. When rich crops of grass 

 are raised and not fed too close, much of it falls and decays, and cattle 

 drop their dungj the land becomes enriched. Our farmers have 

 certainly improved in this matter^ but are yet far from perfection, r. 



