^ SYLVICULTURE. 



(1. Colorado Blue Spruce in New Mexico (after Wm. H. Mast). 



1. One bushel of cones yields L2 lbs. of clean seeds. 



2. The expense of coning, collecting and cleaning averages 23c 

 per pound. 



e. Shortleaf Pine at Biltniore (Pinus eehinata). 

 One bushel of cones yields one pound of clean, wingless seeds 

 at an expense of $1.00 per pound. 



C. Seeds stored beyond the duration of their natural period of 

 rest show a reduced percentage of germination. The percentage 

 might be increased by the use of slightly acid solutions, lime water 

 or hot water. Coniferous seeds are often placed in cold water for 

 from three to seven days previous to planting; seeds thus treated, 

 however, must be supplied with moisture artificially after planting 

 if drought sets in. 



D. The " malting " of seeds (placing the seeds in heaps, moisten- 

 ing them and stirring them in a warm room) is a rather dangerous 

 procedure. After Weise, Douglas Fir and White Pine seeds should 

 be mixed with moist and fertile soil and stable manure, to be 

 then exposed to a hot-house temperature until the germs begin to 

 show. S. B. Green recommends to pour boiling water on the seeds 

 of Locust, Honey-Locust and CofFee-tree, and to allow the seeds 

 to remain in the water until it is cold, planting immediately there- 

 after. 



Paragraph XIII. Actual planting of seeds on open ground. 



Seeds should not be planted on rainy days, especially not on 

 clay soil. For broadcast planting, the area to be planted and the 

 seed are divided into equal lots. The quantity of seed allotted to 

 the unit of space is subdivided into halves. Each half is sown 

 separately by going over the ground Crosswise. 



Broadcast planting is rare nowadays. 



Rough nursery beds (either running full length of the area or 

 interrupted beds), furrows or banks are frequently provided. Nar- 

 row .trenches may be pressed into the beds or banks with the help 

 of a board, a hoe handle or a wheel. 



The seed is usually sown by hand, possibly with the help of 

 a beer bottle, a so-called seed horn and, rarely, with a seed- 

 planting machine. The machine should only be used on ground 

 as well prepared as a wheat field (prairies or abandoned fields). 

 On land newly cleared, roots and stumps prevent' the use of a 

 machine. 



4G 



