SYLVICULTURE. 



twenty-fifth inch of sand on the seeds and roll again with roller; 

 keep Pine branches on the seed-bed until after germination. 



Use tall transplants for planting in the open, owing to animal 

 dangers. 



Red Birch is said to do well planted with Pine on abandoned 

 fields, further united with, natural regeneration of Beech. 



I. Hicoria ovata: All Hickories require strong, deep, fresh soil. 

 Not on clay. 



Pignut is satisfied with more sand. 



Mockernut is satisfied with more clay. 



Butternut requires water, more than the others, and stands in- 

 undation. 



All Hickories require hot summers but stand severe winters; 

 hence continental climate is preferable to sea climate. 



Tap-root of yearling one foot long; of two year old plant one 

 and three-quarter feet; hence transplanting after two years very 

 difficult. 



Height growth begins to set in from sixth year, and is good then. 



Age 5 years, average height 2.4 feet. 



Age 10 years, average height 7 feet. 



Age 15 years, average height 13 feet. 



Age 20 years, average height 20 feet. 



Buds open late but shoot is quickly made. 



Xuts germinate slowly; hence malting or better repeated sprink- 

 ling with liquid manure advisable; many nuts lie over, even for two 

 years. Nuts thoroughly dried lose germinating power. 



Malting or " pregermination " advisable. 



In the case of Hickory and Walnut, the following recipe for 

 pregermination is given: 



" Make a ditch three feet deep and wide ; put nuts in the 

 ditch to a depth of one foot ; fill ditch with water up to top of nuts ; 

 then add a slight cover of straw; then dirt; then horse manure. 



" In this ditch the nuts are kept until planting time, when the 

 nuts will germinate a few weeks after planting (in May)." 



Plant seedlings one or two years old, or else nuts, on plowed 

 groimd. Cultivating advisable. 



Late frost is avoided by the late formation of shoots. Early 

 frosts are bad, if seedlings did not have time to lignify owing to 

 late germination. 



Avoid planting on open ground; shade is born readily for a 

 number of years ! ! Straggling plantations often develop after 

 natural or artificial reinforcing with other species. 



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