SYLVICULTURE 



Still tlie tei-ms '•shelterwood coiiipartment system" and "shelter- 

 wood selection system " having become standard terms of forestal 

 terminology, it seems unwise to throw them aside. 



A number of " pure types " may be, and usually are, combined 

 into " bastard forms." Of course, only types more closely related 

 allow of bastardizing. 



Bastard forms frequently found in the old country are: 



"Advance growth selection " and " shelterwood group " type ; 



"Advance growth group " and " shelterwood compartment " type; 



" Shelterwood group " and " shelterwood strip '-' type ; 



"Cleared strip " and " advance growth strip " type ; 



"Cleared group " and " shelterwood group " type ; 



"Cleared selection " and " shelterwood group " type. 



Modern forestry abroad begins to despise methodical ruli"^. 

 gradually returning to nature with her irregularities. Pure, alj- 

 stract types of seed regeneration are more and more discarded. 



The selection of a method or a combination of methods depends 

 entirely upon the composition of the growing stock found; on Iceai 

 dangers; on local means of transportation; on value of stvunpage 

 and prospective value of seedlings. 



Where all age classes are mixed irregularly, individual selec- 

 tion is, ceteris paribus, indicated. 



Where the age classes or the species appear in groups, the group 

 method is or may be advisable. 



In woods simultaneously maturing, the uniform type may 

 recommend itself. 



The following paragraphs are arranged to conform with the 

 view point given under " D." 



Paragraph XLII. Types in which lumbering precedes N. S. R. 



Where lumbering precedes regeneration, the area lumbered must 

 be reseeded from the borders of adjoining woods. With inci'easing 

 size of the area cleared of timber, the rapidity, the certainty and 

 the quality of regeneration rapidly decrease. The fact that such 

 regeneration is possible on a large scale, is readily proven by object 

 lessons in the primeval woods (Long Leaf Pine; Bald Cypress; 

 Lodgepole Pine; Douglass Fir) as well as in second-growth forests 

 (White Pine in Lake States; Yellow Pine in the south; Spruce in 

 the Karpathian Mountains). 



The chances for success depend on: 



A. The species, which must have light or winged seeds readily 

 carried about by the wind (many Pines, Spruces, Larches, Cotton- 

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