'TH® MMERICSM BE® J©URN.S1L. 



169 



use all over this continent, and a sys- 

 t(!m most generally approved by the 

 leading boe-keopers of the present 

 daj'. But I do not think that they be 

 lieve the system has reached perfection. 



[This " attack " fairly takes one's 

 breath — it is so sudden — so general — so 

 positive. Well, we shall await the 

 advent of the " Natural principle sys- 

 li-ra," and its practical test. We know 

 that perfection has not been reached — 

 but the system maj' or niaj- not be one 

 of the steps leading to it. — Ed.] 

 ^♦^ 



APPLE BLOOM. 



Destroying the Codling; Motli 

 with London Purple. 



Written for the American Bee Journal 

 BY JOSEPH BEATH. 



I noticed sometime since in the 

 Western Rural, an article from Prof. 

 A. J. Cook, relative to poisoning the 

 codling moth. Will he please give an 

 article on that subject in the Ameri- 

 can Bee Journal, telling how to do 

 it, so as not to injure the bees, where 

 there are a large number of trees ? 

 and where to get a suitable force 

 [lump, stating the price, etc. 



Corning, Iowa. 



[The following is Prof. Cook's re- 

 sponsive article on the subject : — Ed.] 



No enemy of the apple has been so 

 much and so justly dreaded as the cod- 

 ling moth, Cnrpocapsa iJomoneUa Linn. 

 This little miner of the apple — the so- 

 called "apple-worm" — is so wide 

 spread, and so generallj" destructive, 

 that many thousands of dollars worth 

 of apples have been destroyed bj* it 

 annualh'. Of late, however, we have 

 found a very cheap, safe, and eft'ective 

 remed)- in the Arsenites, London pur- 

 ple, or Paris green. I prefer London 

 purple, as it is cheaper, more easily 

 mixed with water, and stays mi.xed 

 longer. 



To use it, we mix one pound of the 

 poison to 100 gallons of water. We 

 apply it in May, just as the blossoms 

 have fallen from the apple or pear 

 trees. If applied earlier it may poison 

 the bees, and will do no good for a 

 few days, till the apple is formed, and 

 before that it may be all washed off by 

 a heavy rain. If deferred longer than 

 just after the blossoms have fallen, 

 many of the larva? — " worms " — will 

 have entered the fruit, and so be out 

 of harm's way. 



The time to apply it is when the 

 apples are the size of small peas. If 

 no heavy rains come, one application 

 answers so well that a second one 



hardly pays. If a heavy rain comes 

 within three weeks, a second ajiplica- 

 tion may well be made. 



To treat an oichard, barrels of the 

 liquid mixture sin mid be taken in a 

 wagon and drawn through the orchard 

 and applied by use of a powerful force 

 pump (.as the poison is only held in 

 suspension, of cour.se it must be kept 

 well mixed ; we easily accomplish 

 this by pumping into the liquid), so 

 that the spray may be thrown on with 

 such force that it will scatter to every 

 fruit. With this weak mixture we can 

 be so thorough as to be very certain 

 to strike every ajiple, and yet not kill 

 the foliage. If the spray is thrown on 

 with great force, it scatters so that we 

 are pretty sure to do very perfect ex- 

 ecution. A good spray-nozzle is de- 

 sirable. The Nixon — made at Dayton, 

 Ohio — is the best that I know of. 



NIXON FORCE PUMP. 



The "Moody Field Force Pump" 

 (N. Y.), attaches by a gearing to the 

 wheels of the wagon, and so runs by 

 the same power that draws the wagon. 

 This costs about ^28, but pays well 

 where larger orchards are to be 

 treated. A. H. Nixon also works a 

 cax't which is so arranged as to run the 

 pump. The former pump I have tried, 

 as I have the nozzle, and I know they 

 are admirable. The latter pump I 

 have not tried. — A. J. Cook. 



BROOD-CHAMBERS. 



My Position Rc;;arding !$eetional 

 Hires. 



Written for the American Bee Journal 

 BY DR. G. L. TINKER. 



There seems to be an effort to draw 

 me out on this suliject, but I have no 

 interest in the matter, one way or the 

 other, except the general good of liee- 

 keepers ; and to this extent, those who 

 wish to draw on me, may do so freely. 



The subject of the essay I wrote for 

 the Ohio State Convention, as published 

 on page 86, was suggested by friends 

 who no doubt expected me to write 

 favorabl}' of sectional brood-chambers, 

 and so promote tlie interests of Mr. 

 Heddon ; and that I should have done, 



and have been glad to have done, if I 

 could at the same time have written in 

 the interests of bee-keepers. But that 

 I could not do, and longer defend the 

 sectional brood-chamber. 



In the matter of bee-hives this ex- 

 periment of Mr. Heddon is not the 

 first, by any means, that has come to 

 nothing ; and he well alludes to ojie of 

 the writers of a parallel nature. I am 

 not at all ashamed of it, as in the case 

 of Mr. Hcddon's experiment and that 

 of hundreds of others in this country, 

 it failed in practice to "pan out "as 

 beautifully as it did in theor}'. The 

 only difference, if any, between us is, 

 that my theory of " continuous pas- 

 sages " was not as finely spun as that 

 on his divisible and interchangeable 

 brood-chamber. Hence, I do not an- 

 ticipate that my failure to idealize will 

 at all compare with his. 



While failures have been the rule in 

 introducing new bee-hives, they should 

 not discourage us in the hope of ob- 

 taining something better than we now 

 have ; but the)' may well teach us that 

 a trial of time will often bring out de- 

 fects in our inventions that could not 

 well have been foreseen. 



As to my record in this matter, I 

 confess to have thought well of the 

 beautiful theories that Mr. Heddon 

 gave us on bringing out his new hive, 

 and only regret that they did not 

 prove to be all that the gifted writer 

 expected. 



I have nothing further to add on the 

 subject, to the carefully worded matter 

 in my essay read before the Ohio 

 convention. 



New Philadelphia, O. 



ALSIKE CLOVER. 



Experience with Alsike Clover 



for Honey, for Pasture, and 



as a Fertilizer. 



Written for theAmericari Bee Journal 

 BY (iEO. W. MORRIS. 



I wish to add my little mite in favor 

 of Alsike clovta-. Five years ago I ob- 

 tained one bushel of seed, and sowed 

 the same on about 20 acres of wheat 

 and oats land, and got a fair stand of 

 clover. The second year there was a 

 fine bloom, and I had an extra crop 

 of honey — 1,300 pounds of extracted 

 honey from 7 colonies, spring count, 

 besides hiving 7 good swarms cast 

 from them. I cut and threshed about 

 4 acres of the best of it, and received 6 

 bushels of nice, clean seed as a result. 



I believe that it is equal to, if not 

 better, as a fertilizer, than the common 

 red clover,for three years ago I sowed, 

 on shares, a field (wheat-field) be- 

 longing to another person, and the 



