Twm fiMEmic?tPt mww jq^jmmri^. 



523 



^ ^^».^».».^ . ^f .».»«^»^»^»«i ■■»« * * ^ *^* 



— * -^ * "-■ '^ >^.^ ^^A^^ — .^.*^*^^*^AJ 



describes, when " Comus " speaks after 

 this manner : 



The star tha» bids the shepherd fold, 

 Now the lop 01 Heav'n do.h hold ; 

 And the jfiidod Cur of Day 

 His Klowinjr axlf doth allay 

 In the steep AhintiC stream ; 

 And the slope Sun his upward beam 

 Shoots against ihe dusty pole ; 

 Pacing toward the other goal 

 Of his ehamber in the East. 



Moreover, let it lie in that part of the 

 month when the moon is plethoric, and 

 the tide high ; also let it he ttiat hour of 

 night befoie the moon shall have reared 

 his full golden face above the horizon ; 

 or let it be in that part of the mouth 

 when you can see the new moon, " wi' 

 the old moon in' her arms," for little 

 reflected light is then cast fiom that 

 defunct planet or satellite upon this 

 mundane globe. The darker the night 

 the better, even it it is as dark as the 

 shades of Kiubus or black as the atmos- 

 phere under the " sooty flag of Acher- 

 on," where many hosts of defunct 

 Romans were supposed to trudge. 



Supposing, now, everything is in read- 

 iness according to the preceding pro- 

 visions, it is time to go forth to do bat- 

 tle with your enemies, and go it like the 

 " Gilbraltarof Chicamauga !'"ln the first 

 place, ignite your brush-pile and let it 

 get a good start before you excite the 

 inmates of the waxy palace. Interim, 

 procure a brace of base-ball bats or 

 clubs, and beat the terra flrma where 

 the nest is. This racket on the outside 

 ■will soon bring up the inquisitive little 

 fellows, which, peering into tDe terrible 

 darkness, will discern the light-giving 

 fire, and without more ado, into it will 

 dart and be cremated— yes, stinger and 

 all, for the whole includes the part. 



Keep on pounding until you trow they 

 are nearly all out, when the nest should 

 (if coQvient) be dug up and twirled into 

 the Are so as to avoid any ripe capped 

 yellow-jacket brood from espying the 

 glowing Eye of Day. 



This is a neat, easy, quick and etBca- 

 cious way. If you have them in your 

 vicinity, try this plan, and histead of 

 being assiduously harassed by them, 

 like Cato was with the Oarthagenians, 

 when he said " Delenda est Karlhago," 

 you will soon have your enemy hoyg dc 

 combat, and able to pour /((.--• on'ii ashes 

 down into his own hole and fertilize the 

 soil. 



Pleasant Ridge, O. 



BEE-STINGS. 



^Vliat Becomes of the Part left 

 in the Flesh i 



epidermis, and the inner true skin, or 

 corium. also called rutis vera. The out- 

 er skin is mnde up of what is known as 

 scaly, or pavement epithelium; that is, 

 it consists of innumerable minute over- 

 lajJping scales. The inner scales con- 

 tain pigment in their substance, and 

 thus the color of .skin. The albino has 

 no pigment, and hence his skin is trans- 

 parent, and looks pinkish, as we look 

 right through and see minute blood- 

 vessels fllled with blood. The inner 

 skin consists of an outer part, which, 

 like the cuticle, has no nerves, and so is 

 not sensitive to pain or touch. This is 

 made up of wtiite fibrous tissue and 

 small involuntary muscles that contract 

 if the skin is chilled, and drawing the 

 skin away from aljout the hairs forms 

 the well-known -'goose flesh." Beneath 

 this layer, which is known as the reticu- 

 lum, because of its intercrossing fibers, 

 is the papillary layer. This is the very 

 inner part of the skin. It takes its 

 name from the fact that little teat-like 

 processes— papillce— push up against the 

 outer part of the shin. The ridges seen 

 on the inside of our hands are but the 

 elevations of these papilte. Into these 

 papilliB from beneath come nerves and 

 blood-vessels. Thus from here comes 

 all nourishment to the outer skin ; and 

 here is the sensitive part of the skin. 

 Thus, a bee to hurt us must push its 

 sting through the cuticle and reticulated 

 part of the corium til) it pierces the 

 papillse, where the blood receives the 

 poison, and the nerves twinge with its 

 venom. 



Now, as we understood the anatomy 

 of the skin we can see how the sting, if 

 broken off in the skin, is loosened and 

 liberated. The scaly, or outer skin,, is 

 constantly beiu? worn off. Wlien we 

 bathe, the water often is clouded with 

 these minute scales. The snake sheds 

 its scales once a year; but we are doing 

 it all the time. As these scales are con- 

 stantly wearing off, any minute portion 

 of sting which is held in them is also 

 worn off and separated from the body. 

 Even it a small portion of a sting is 

 caught by the reticulum, the part would 

 probably suppurate and loosen the sting, 

 as is done with slivers that enter and 

 are caught and held in the skin. We 

 thus see that a bee-keeper is not made 

 up of stings, by any means. 



In case of porcupine quills, which are 

 barbed like a bee"s sting, they are thrust 

 through into the muscle, so that every 

 move of the muscle pushes them ; and 

 as they cannot go back, they are pushed 

 on. thus a porcupine quill my pass 

 some distance through the unlucky an- 

 imal which has caught them in its tis- 



SU63. 



Agricultural College, Mich. 



CONVEIVTIOIV DIRECTOnV. 



Written fr/r OleimiTigs in Bee Culture, 

 BY PROF. A. J. COOK.- 



I am requested by a subscriber to 

 Gleaniiiya lo explain how the bee-sting 

 is removed from one's skin when broken 

 off in the act of stinging. He suggests 

 that, if it does not work out, it must be 

 absorbed by the system; in which case 

 he thinks that some bee-keepers must 

 be largely composed of stings. 



The skin consists of two layers— the 

 outer scarf skin, or cuticle, also called 



1888. Time and Place of MeeHng. 



Aug. 14.— Colorado State, at Denver, (.'do. 



J. M. Clark. Sec, DeiiTer, Colo. 



Aug. 21.-N. W. nis. & S. W Wis., at Leaf River ills. 

 D. A. Kuller, Sec, Cherry Valley, Ills. 



Aug. 27.— Stark County, at Canton. <). 



Mark ThomBon, Sec, Canton, O. 



Sept. 8.— Susquehanna County, at Montrose, Pa. 



H. M. Seeley, Sec, Harford, Pa. 



Oct. 3-5.— North American, at Columbua. O. 



W. Z. HutchlnBon, Sec. Flint. Mich. 



Dec. —.-Michigan State, at. lackaon, Mich. 



H. 1). (Hitting. Sec, Clinton, Mich. 



I^' In order to have this table complete. Secre- 

 taries are requested to forward full particulars of 

 time and place of future meetings.- Kd. 



ConTentlon IVotices. 



p«g~ The Darke County Bee-Keepers' Soci- 

 ety will hold a basket meeting on the Green- 

 ville Fair Grounds, on Friday, Sept. 7, 1888.. 

 J. A. Roe, Sec. 



^^ The fall meeting of the Northwestern 

 Illinois and Southwestern Wisconsin Bee- 

 Keepers' Association will be held on Aug. 21, 

 1888, at Leaf River, Ills. D. A. Fuller, Sec. 



sBUcrm^M^^ 



m^^-^^ 



JJees avi- Moin;:: Well.-Charles D. 

 Barber, Stockton, N. Y., on July 37, says : 



It is very warm here at present. My bees 

 have stored more honey in the past ten days 

 tlian tliey did iu twenty days before. They 

 are doing very well. 1 have increased them 

 from 2 colonies to S, and all are good ones. 



Wot WeallM'r and Cool Mights. 



— S. W. Rich, Hobart, N. T., on July 28, 

 18S8, says : 



Bees are not doing very well liere this 

 year. 1 do not think that we will have over 

 one-half a crop. Tlie trouble here has been 

 too cool nights and too much wet weather. 



TSo Surplus TaUen Yet.— Mr. John 

 Peters, Eldora, Iowa, on July 2.5, 1888, says: 



It is extremely wet and cold here. Bees 

 have gathered enough to build up on, and to 

 keep up breeding, but I have taken no sur- 

 plus yet. The clover has not yet come into 

 bloom. I sowed .some Alsike clover, but the 

 oats were so rank, and are down so badly, 

 that the bees cannot get at the clover. 



Hardly an A-* erage Crop — B. F. 



Little, Brush Creek, Iowa, on July '28, 1888, 

 writes : 



The weather is warm, and the bees are 

 doing fairly well. Basswood is nearly a 

 failure. White clover is in bloom yet, but 

 the How of honey is not e.xcessive. The 

 crop will hardly be, up to the average, unless 

 the fall honey-How is extra good. I hope 

 that many new members will join the 

 Union. 



YVIiite <;iovel- Ifielded Well.— 



Thos. O. nines, Anamosa, Iowa, on July 28, 

 1888, says : 



This season is a good one for the little 

 honev-uatherers, if we only had tliem to 

 gather it. Fullv 75 per cent, of the bees 

 were lost last spring in this locality, by 

 dwindling. There were but few days until 

 Mav 20, that bees could fly ; so what sur- 

 vived were so weak that they built up 

 slowly and when the fruit-bloom came, we 

 had but tew bees to woric on it. ^White 

 clover yielded well, and they are still get- 

 ting honey from various plants. Iowa 

 honey will not overstock the market this 

 season. 



