THE CHERRY. 245 



coloured bark, and generally of rapid growth. The varieties of 

 the black and heart-shaped cherries are always vigorous, and 

 form fine large spreading heads, forty or fifty feet in height ; 

 but those of the acid or red cherry are of lower, more bushy 

 and tardy growth. In the spring the cherry tree is profusely 

 covered with clusters of snow-white blossoms, and earlier in 

 summer than upon any other tree, these are followed by abun- 

 dant crops of juicy, sweet, or acid fruit hanging upon long 

 stalks, and enclosing a smooth stone. 



The cherry comes originally from Asia, and the Roman gene- 

 ral, Lucullus, after a victorious expedition into Pontus, has the 

 reputation of having brought it to Italy, from Cerasus, a town 

 m that province, in the year 69, B. C. According to Pliny, the 

 Romans, 100 years after this, had eight varieties in cultivation, 

 and they were soon afterwards carried to all parts of Europe. 

 The seeds of the cultivated cherry were brought to this 

 country very early after its settlement, both from England and 

 Holland. 



Uses. As a pleasant and refreshing dessert fruit, the cherry 

 is everywhere highly esteemed. Tho early season at which it 

 ripens, its juiciness, delicacy and richness, render it always 

 acceptable. While the large and fleshy varieties are exceed- 

 ingly sweet and luscious, others which are more tender, and 

 more or less acid, are very valuable for pies, tarts, and various 

 kinds of cookery. The fruit of the Kentish or Early Richmond 

 is excellent when stoned and dried, and the Mazzard, and our 

 wild Virginia cherries, are used to give a flavour to brandy. 



The celebrated German ICirschwasse?' is made by distilling 

 the liquor of the common black mazzard or gean, (in which the 

 stones are ground and broken, and fermented with the pulp,) 

 and the delicious Ratafia cordial of Grenoble, is also made from 

 this fruit. Maraschino^ the most celebrated liqueur of Italy, is 

 distilled from a small gean or mazzard, with which, in fer- 

 menting, honey, and the leaves and kernels of the fruit are 

 mixed. 



The gum of the cherry is nearly identical with gum arable, 

 and there are some marvellous stories told of its nutritive pro- 

 perties. The wood of the cherry is hard and durable, and is 

 therefore valuable for many purposes, but the best wood is 

 aff"orded by our common wild or Virginia cherry, which is a very 

 good substitute for mahogany, taking a fine polish. 



The larger growing sorts of black cherry are the finest of all 

 fruit trees for shade, and are, therefore, generally chosen by 

 farmers, who are always desirous of combining the useful and 

 the ornamental. Indeed, the cherry, from its symmetrical forai, 

 its rapid growth, its fine shade, and beautiful blossoms, is ex- 

 ceedingly well suited for a roadside tree in agricultural districts. 

 We wish we could induce the planting of avenues of this and 



