hii 1 T11K WORLD'S MEAT FUTURE 



weight in the shortest time. Every unused nook and corner 

 of his farm should grow feed for his animals. Surplus dairy 

 calves should be fed no longer than IS necessary to bring them 

 to the veal Btage, thus conserving feed, while beef calves should 

 be saved and brought to earliest maturity. 



Centralized Live-Stock Marketing 



An official report of the U.S. Department of Agriculture on 

 the causes of the decline of the pastoral industry in the United 

 State- of America gives the following interesting account of 

 the centralized live-stock marketing system engendered under 

 the regime of the American meat companies : — 



" The largest single factor in the marketing of meat animals 

 in the United States is the system of centralised live-stock 

 markets, which has no counterpart in any of the other live- 

 stock producing countries of the world. Its development has 

 been due primarily to the fact that the live-stock industry is 

 developed mainly in the central and western parts of the 

 country, while one-half of the population is in the manufactur- 

 ing region east of the Mississippi and north of the Ohio and 

 Potomac Rivers. The exportation of meat animals and meat 

 produce from Atlantic rivers also has contributed largely 

 towards the centralisation of live-stock markets at points 

 intermediate between these ports and the areas of produc- 

 tion. 



" A corollary of the unprecedented development of our 

 centralised markets which generally is regarded as of vital 

 importance is the gradual concentration of ownership and 

 control of the stockyards, terminal facilities, and other equip- 

 ment and related interests, into the hands of the small group 

 of packers who purchase the bulk of the meat animals sold at 

 these markets. The nature and extent of this factor in the 

 situation have been stated by Mr. A. E. de Ricqles, Chairman 

 of the Committee on Stockyards, of the American National 

 Live-Stock Association, at a hearing conducted by this office, 



a- folloWS : — 



" ' The first thing that one meets in looking into this subject 

 is the fact that the ownership of practically all the stockyard 



