72 THE FEENCH BLOOD IN AMEEICA 



Strong French England, but especiallv the soldiers and nobles and gentry, 



Colony 



until it was no wonder that Berlin was in danger of be- 

 coming more French than German, though the French 

 element was not of the Parisian type. The trade and 

 craft of the French colony were remarkable. The new- 

 comers introduced numerous arts as yet unknown to the 

 Braudeuburgers when the Great Elector Frederick Will- 

 iam welcomed the French to his dominions. I^ot an 

 industry but claimed its place among the labours of the 

 French, while most were their special or exclusive pos- 

 session. As in England, paper and glass were before 

 this only made in the commonest and coarsest kinds ; 

 now paper of the finest was made in Berlin, while the 

 looking-glasses were said to excel those of Venice. Then 

 there was a large mercantile element which rapidly 

 gained supremacy, so that the Germans came to learn 

 from them how to do business. In mining and metal 

 founding the French opened to Germany an unworked 

 field. The copper hitherto sent by Sweden to France 

 was now turned into French workshops in Germany, and 

 the iron trade helped Brandenburg on its way into the 

 rank of kingdoms and head of an empire. She could 

 not make her own arms. 

 fn^Arm ^^^^""^ Thc Gcrmau army owed much to the French gentry, 

 who multiplied many times their real efficiency, it was 

 declared, by their moral sway. Two companies of 

 Grands Mousquetaires were formed of officers only, 

 under French MarshaJ Schomberg and his son. Whole 

 regiments were formed or recruited from the body of the 

 refugees, who thus as on the farm and in the factory 

 richly repaid the land that gave them liberty and a home. 

 In the social order the refugees were given the same 

 place they had in France, and it was the aim of the 

 German monarch to impress upon the "unpolished 

 surface of the manner of his court something of the 

 refinement and grace of France." There were two 

 French churches and nine ministers in Berlin. In 



