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'^^ ^^^;^ 



AND HORTICULTURAL REGISTER. 



PUBLISHED BY JOSEPH BRECK & CO., NO. 52 NORTH MARKET STREET, (AoBicuLTaHAL Wabehodse.)-ALLEN 'puTNAM, EDITOR. 



vol,, xxii.i 



BOSTON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, JULY 12, 1843. 



[NO. a. 



N. E. FARMER, 



HON. WM. CL.\RK'S F.ARMING. 



Wo speul a pleasant hour week before last, in 

 riding with Hon. Win. Clark alonj the road llirounrh 

 Ills grounds in Norlliampton. He possesses seve- 

 ral hundred acres of lij^ht lands, which ho has un- 

 dertaken to improve, mostly by the turning in of 

 clover. His first growth is usually small, but the 

 second, which dunes from the seed of the first, is 

 usually very much belter. Some of the lands, 

 after a growth of clover has been grown upon 

 them, and plowed in, are put to corn, but the larger 

 portion are sowed to winter rye. Mr C. stated 

 that he sowed last summer and autumn, from J.50 

 to 175 bushels of rye. Some of his fields of this 

 grain looked very well, but others ivill not yield 

 very large crops. Air C. does not expect large 

 crops at present. His object is to make these 

 lands pay for the annual expenditure upon them, 

 and at the same time keep them in a process of 

 regular improvement. If a few years shall show 

 that he can do this — and we think he will do it — 

 then his methods will be highly valuable to hun- 

 dreds and thousands of farmers who are doomed to 

 work in sand and gravel. — Ed. N. E. F. 



STATE OF BUSINESS IN ENGLAND. 



There never was a period when the peculiar po- 

 sition of this country needed more a skillful states- 

 man at the head of affairs, a m.-.n possessed of a 

 master-mind, capable of devising a remedy for 

 evils which are now destroying the energies of the 

 country, than the present. Possessing capital, la 

 bor, skill, industry, perseverance and energy une 

 quailed, yet do almost, all our great branches of 

 trade and manufacture seem declining from some 

 unseen agency, to arrest Ihe pestilation of which 

 no remedy has as yet been discovered. Seeing 

 .he miserable vacillation of our government on the 

 subject of free trade and the corn laws, and being 

 convinced from e-xperiencc of the past, tliat it is 

 not to be relied upon for the future, we have more 

 :han once observed that it was a serious question 

 for the farmers to consider whether it were not bet- 

 er at once to cut the gordian knot, than to endure 

 ihe torture of having their property taken from 

 hem bit by hit — somewhat after the fashion adopt- 

 ed towards the Jews some years ago, that of de- 

 nanding a sum of money, and pulling out a tooth 

 ir teeth on refusal ; with this difference, that the 

 ptinn of compounding by a tooth, is not given to 

 he farmer. The landowners must themselves per- 

 ■.eive that whilst things remain in this state of 

 loubt and perplexity, no improvements will be car- 

 ied on by the tenantry. Some, well informed, 

 trong-mmded men, will feel that there is no hope 

 'Ut in adopting improvements to their fullest ex- 

 ent; but by far the greater majority will arrive at 

 he opposite conclusion, and curtail their expendi- 

 ures to the utmost. 



Mr Wehster, who delighted all who heard him 

 t the great dinner of the Royal Society at Ox- 



ford, in addressing his fellow-countrymen at a pub- 

 lic dinner given to him at Baltimore, on the litth 

 May last, in the course of his speech thus express- 

 ed himself: 



" Depend upon it, gentlemen, it is change, and 

 apiirehcnsion of change, that unnerve every work- 

 ing man's arm in this section of country. (Ap- 

 plause.) Changes felt, or changes feared, are the 

 bane of our industry and our enterprise. (Ap- 

 plause.) I live in a quarter of the country full of 

 industry, with some capital, and great activity ; and 

 when I go among my neighbors, they ask, 'For 

 God's sake toll us what to expect: Lay down your 

 law — prescribe your rule — let us see what will be 

 the course of the gnvernment, and we will apply 

 our capital and our skill to the state of things, be 

 it what it will. Cool ua, warm us, freeze us, scorch 

 us — do what you please; but let us know what 

 you intend to do, and slick lo it.' " (Laughter and 

 applause.) 



Had Mr Webster been selected to plead the 

 cause of the British farmer before the legislature 

 of this country, ho could not have explained their 

 situation and expressed their feelings in more em- 

 phatic language. Is there a transaction in life, in 

 the conduct of which mistrust and want of confi- 

 dence will not act like a canker-worm .' Neither 

 the man who cannot come to a decision upon ques- 

 tions involving the greatest interest of the nation, 

 nor he who dares not avow that, decision when ar- 

 rived at, is fitted to guide the destinies of the Brit- 

 ish nation. Constant changes in commercial poli- 

 cy are equally prejudicial as revolutions in political 

 government. Who will place confidence in the 

 man who has no fixedness of purpose .' No one. 

 Neither will a nation confide in a government 

 which professes not to have any fixed principles of 

 action in commercial matters. 



We would have it perfectly understood that the 

 above remarks are confined to the legislation of 

 our country so far as regards agriculture only. 

 Mark-lane (London) Express. 



present good for fear that in some future period it 

 may bo abueed; but in the entouragemcnt of gar- 

 dening, whilst an iminediute good is obtained, there 

 is no fear of its perversion in after days. Its diflu- 

 siim among the poorer classes is an earnOBt rr 

 means of more important benefits than the present 

 increase of their comfort. The laborer who de- 



lights in the garden attached to h 



s cottage, is gen- 



erally among the most decent of his class; he is 

 seldom a frequenter of the ale-house; and there 

 are few among them so senseless as not readily to 

 engage in its cultivation when convinced of the 

 comforts and gain derivable from it. 



Gardening is a pursuit adapted alike to the gay 

 and the recluse, the man of pleasure and the lover 

 of science. There is no taste so perverse as that 

 from which the garden can win 'no attention, or to 

 which it can afford no pleasure. He who greatly 

 benefited or promoted the happiness of mankind in 

 the days of paganism, was invoked alter death and 

 worshipped as a deity : in these days we should 

 be as grateful as they were, without being so ex- 

 travagant in its demonstration; and if so, wo 

 should indeed highly estimate those who have been 

 the improvers of our horticulture; "for, as Socra- 

 tes says, " it is the source of health, strength, plen- 

 ty, riches, and honest pleasures." — Farmers' Ency. 

 clopedia. 



GARDENING. 



There is not in the arts and sciences one link of 

 their circle so suitable for the* occupation of man 

 in a state of innocence, as that which embraces the 

 cultivation of plants ; and it is an instance of the 

 beneficent providence of the Deity, that he assign- 

 ed a garden as the dwelling of our first-created pa- 

 rents. It is no consequence of the fall of Adam 

 that plants require cultivation : he was placed in 

 Paradise to till and to keep it. Then the weed 

 had not sprung up to render the tillage toilsome; 

 fruit trees which God had "planted," were the 

 chief objects of care, and it was an employment 

 without much labor, combining the preservation of 

 health with amusement, pure without insipidity, 

 constant without sameness. From that period gar- 

 dene have never ceased to engage the attention of 

 man; and even now, that their labors are manifold, 

 they still alford the "purest of human pleasures." 



He is no philosopher who neglects a certain 



CHANGE IN SOIL BY GRAIN CROPS. 



To discover the nature of the change produced 

 in rich pasture land by a course of grain crops. Air 

 Sinclair made the following valuable experiments : 



"A space of 2 square yards of rich, ancient 

 pasture land was dug to the dejilh of 8 inches : 400 

 grains of this soil, freed from moisture and green 

 vegetable fibres, contained — 



Calcareous and silicious sand. 



Decomposing vegetable mailer, 



Carbimate of lime (chalk,) 



Silica (flint,) 



Alumina (clay,) 



Oxide of iron. 



Soluble vegetable matter and sulphate 

 of lime (gypsum,) 



102 Grs. 



55 

 160 



50 



25 

 4 



400 

 "This soil was then cropped for five seasons al- 

 ternately, with— 1, oats ; 2, potatoes; .% wheat; 4, 

 carrots ; 5, wheat. It was then again examined, 

 and appeared to consist of — 



Calcareous and silicious sand, 100 Gra. 



Decomposing vegetable matter, 48 



Carbonate of lime (chalk,) 159 



Silica (flint,) 57 



Alumina (clay,) 26 



Oxide of iron, • 5 



Soluble vegetable and saline matter, 3 

 Loss, 2 



400 

 Showing a very considerable diminution of the 

 vegetable and animal matters, particularly when it 

 is considered that the turf was incorporated with 

 the soil. — Far. Encyclop. 



