AND HORTICULTURAL REGISTER. 



PUBLISHED BY JOSEPH BRECK & CO., NO. 32 NORTH MARKET STREET, (Agricdltubal Warehouse.)— ALLEN PUTNAM, EDITOR. 



>L,.JCXII.] 



BOSTON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 2, 1843. 



[NO. 5> 



N. E. FARMER. 



BUSINESS IMPROVING. 



The signs of increasing activity in bii.siness are 

 nifest in our city and the towns around us. 

 e belief now is, generally, that tlie crisis in 

 aril times" is past. One branch of biisines.s, 

 i that a large one, we mean the shop and leatli^r 

 iiness, has become quite brisk. The demand 



shoes is now great, and prices of both shoes 

 i leather have recently advanced. 

 General activity in business will soon act favora- 



upon the interf'sts of l.irmcr.i. The present 

 son, however, will not piobably be a lucrative 

 ! to them. The crops of the country, as far as 

 opinion can now be forni'.'d, will be up to an 

 ;rage of years. I!ut the prices of agricultural 

 ducts will be low. This is a necessary conse- 

 >nce of the depression in business, wliich has 

 ven hundreds and thousands of mechanics and 

 ers from their shops into the gardens and fields. 

 e producers from the soil have, for the last year 

 two, borne an unusual proportion to those who 

 isume without aiding directly in the production, 

 s when those of other callings have full eniploy- 

 nt in their respective pursuits, that farmers suf 

 least from competition — find the readiest mar- 

 s, the best prices, and the most easy collection 

 ;heir dues. 



Fhe tillers of the soil were the last to feel the 

 ssure of hard times, and they will bo the last 

 share fully the enlivening effects of a revival of 

 lines.'. But the benefits will come to them in 

 e. Some good will be felt by them this year, 



they may hope more ne.xt year than they can 

 lect in the next few mouths. Sojue of their ar- 

 cs of sale have advanced, though they are yet 

 ■ — such as grain, flour, pork and wool. As far 

 :his improvement in prices has gone, farmers 

 1/ hope for benefit in their sales of the crop of 

 present year ; but until their productions bear 

 reater price in proportion to labor, taxes, ine- 

 nics' bills, &-C., than they do at present, farni- 

 , in thi.s vicinity, can yield no profit to the mass 

 thi'se engaged in it. — Ed. N. E. F. 



Cruciform Plants — a class comprehending such 

 den vegetables as the cabbage, cauliflower, 

 ccoli, seakalc, turnip, radish, mustard, and in 

 t almost every culinary article, except spinach. 

 E! class derives its name from the flowers hav- 

 four petals or flower leaves, disposed in the 

 n of a cross, as exemplified in the wall-flower. 

 3 remarked by botanists, that not a single epu- 

 i included in this group is poisonous. Even 

 t great pest among weeds, charlock, or wild 

 ish, which belongs to the cruciform class, afl^irds 

 3n young, most excellent and wholesome greens. 

 Vulmifrrous Crops include wheat, barley, oats, 

 , corn, tobacco, &c. They are all regarded as 

 hers and exhausters of the soil, some in a far 

 ati'r degree than others. Thi'y are far less so 

 ut before they mature their seeds Far. Ency. 



TRAINING ANIMALS WHILE YOUNG. 



Solomon says, "Train up a child in the way he 

 should go, and when he is old he will not depart 

 from it." This is true in regard to children as a 

 general thing, but it is, if possible, more true in 

 regard to animals of the lower orders, for they, not 

 having so much scope of intellect, are not lead 

 about by propensilii'S which so often overcome all 

 the dictates of reason and salutary trainings of 

 youth. 



Every domestic animal, from the hog upward, is 

 susceptible of education, more or less, and should 

 receive it when young. The little pig, if subject 

 to being handled, and rubbed while with its dam, 

 is always much more manageable when it becomes 

 a hog, and may even become amiiihle, in a hogish 

 way, and very susceptible to the '' .Mesmeric influ- 

 ence of a i-ubbinu stick," when applied in a proper 

 manner to the tickling of his sides to make him 

 "shoulder over" and go into a state of " clnirvoy- 

 nnce." If farmers or fanners' sons would take a 

 little more pains to familiarize young animals, such 

 as calves, we should not have so many vicious, 

 kicking cows, mir headstrong, crow<ling, runaway 

 oxen. But this system would be still more pro. 

 ductivo of good among horses than any other class. 



The Arab horses are supposed to possess more 

 natural docility than any other breed. Perhaps 

 they do — but we doubt if they are endowed by na- 

 ture with any more kindness of spirit than those of 

 any other country. The account given of their 

 management, by travellers, explains the whole 

 mystery. The Arab and his family become familiar 

 with their horse, even lying down to sleep with 

 him and playing with him, so that he is p^-rfectly 

 broke by the time it is a month old. In this coun- 

 try, many colts are never so much as touched, much 

 less handled and caressed, until they are three or 

 four years old, or large enough to use. And they 

 are ron(juered, rather than tamed by kindness. 



Hence it is no wonder that we have horses that 

 are hard to catch in the field, when they see a man 

 coming towards them — or are shy, or contrary and 

 vicious. It is only the rising up of that spirit of 

 defence which nature has implanted in them. Their 

 first knowledge of mankind commenced in war, 

 and their instinct leads them to look out for a bat- 

 tle whenever they have any thing to do with him 



A little, very little time, spent with such ani- 

 mals when young, would save a vast amount of 

 trouble, labor, and vexation with them through 

 their lives. Train them while young — it is noi 

 necessary to ivork them any to make them familiar 

 with all the routine of duties that will be required 

 of them when older; but familiar handling, and 

 training them to the word and the will, is all that 

 is needed. — Maine Far. 



An acre is 4840 square yards, or 69 yards. 1 foot, 

 8 1-2 inches each way. A square mile, 17(j0 yards 

 each way, contains (140 acres. 



The fathom, fi feet, is derived from the height of 

 a full grown man. A hand, in horse measure, is 

 4 inches. 



THE STATE DEBTS. 

 The Baltimore American gives n general view 



of the condition of the several States as recarda 

 their pecuniary liabilities, which we condense as 

 follows : 



States which owe no debt — Popiilaiion. 



New Hampshire, ' 284,574 



Rhode Island, 108,830 



Connecticut, .'309,978 



Vermont, 1^91.948 



New Jersey, 373,:50H 



Delaware, 79,08.') 



North Carolina, 7.53,419 



Iowa Territory, 4.3,112 



Wisconsin do. 30.945 



Total, 2,274,197 

 Stales which owe, do not formally repudiate, yet 



fail to pay their interest — Populaiinn. 



Pennsylvania, 1,721,033 



Maryland', 4119,232 



Louisiana, 352,411 



Indiana, 68.5.866 



Illinois, 476,183 



Arkansas, 97,574 



Total, 3,805,299 

 States which owe, pay their interest regularly, and 



their debts when due — Population. 



Maine, 501,794 



Massachusetts, 737.698 



New York, . 2,428.921 



Virginia, 1,2:?9,797 



South Carolina, 594,-!98 



Georgia, 691, .392 



Alabama, .590,756 



Kentucky, 779,828 



Tennessee, 829,210 



Ohio, 1,519,467 



Missouri, 363 702 



District of Columbia, 43,702 



Total, 10,340,6()5 



States which owe and swindle openly — Population. 



Mississippi, 374,651 



Michigan, 212,627 



Florida Territory, 54,477 



Total repudiating, fi42,.395 



Total population of the U. States - - 17,062,.546 

 Thus of our 17 millions of people, less than one 

 million are openly, and less than four millions vir- 

 tually tainted with the horrible guilt and blasting 

 dishonor of repudiation. Mississippi repiidintes 

 .f!.5,()00.000, and Michigan $2,000,000, on frivolous 

 pretexts, and Florida $:3,000,000 without any pre- 

 text. The States which practically repudiate by 

 failing to provide means of payment, owe about 

 ,9100,(100,000, of which we think the greater part 

 will ultimately be paid, but not before a loss of at 

 least .'§50,000,000 will have accrued to innocent 

 holders of the stocks, who will be driven by neces- 

 sity or apprehension, to part with their securities 

 (as the facetious term is,) at ruinous rates. 



