ii.. xxii. NO. a'j. 



AND HORTICULTURAL REGISTER, 



171 



I collection, perhaps unrqualled in Aineric;i. 

 8 Cdileclion of Pears nnd Pliiiiis is lar^o and 

 ry fine. He is constantly in the practice of ini- 

 rtiriir largely from Europe, everylhiiij new und 

 uable III Horticulture. 



I rejrret that niy limited time did not permit me 

 visit und r.vaimne Mr San\uel Walker's fine Cdl- 

 :tion (if fruits. This gentleman has not only 

 d irreat attention to fruit, but also to the culture 

 the Tulip, in which he has been singularly suc- 

 asfiil. His fine tuste has enabled him to make 

 exccediniJ rich collection of many thousand 

 Dts of this splendid flower. 



The pleasure of my visit to the Poinological 

 irdcn of the late Robert Manning-, of Salem, was 

 ingled with sorrow and regret, for the untimely 

 sappeir^ince from his useful sphere of action, of 

 intelligent founder. On my last previous visit, 

 3 active mind led me from object to object, and 

 inted out the various fruits of his extensive and 

 luable collection, and described their various 

 lalilies. It aS'orded me, however, no small de- 

 ec of pleasure, to discover in his son that intel- 

 jence and acquaintance with the business, which 

 lly justify the belief that this e.vcellent collec- 

 in will be saved t.i his family and the public. 

 r M. had, in addition to supplying the public 

 itli buds and grafts, commenced raising trees for 

 le, of which many are now large enough to trans- 

 ant. 



In my visit to Mr John M. Ires's garden, of Sa- 

 m, I tound much valuable fruit. In his arrange, 

 ent, nuich taste and industry are displayed ; and 

 ; deserve.? great credit for his enterprising spirit. 

 e has adopted the espalier system with the Pear, 

 idded or grafted on the Q,uince, which succeeds 

 Imirably well. He also pointed out to me a 

 juble mode of grafting on the Quince : such as 

 J not succeed on the Quince stock in the first in- 

 ance, he has overcome by this double mode of 

 rafting : that ia to say, by first grafting such as 

 ill succeed, and then grafting the desired fruit 

 ito this. By this mode all the varieties of the 

 ear may be propagated on the Quinoe with suc- 

 jss. 



My next visit was to the garden of Capt, Lovett, 

 f Beverly. He is one of the most thorough-going 

 orticulturists in Massachusetts ; and, although 

 is grounds are not extensive, too much praise 

 nnol be bestowed for his unwearied exertions 

 nd perseverance in properly testing and identify- 

 ig the various fruits, of which he has a very 

 hoice collection. He has produced several secd- 

 ng Raspberries and Currants, which bid fair to 

 rove valuable acquisitions to our present slock of 

 lose fine fruits. I observed one of his seedling 

 ;urrant plants full of beautiful, large anil fine 

 ruit, as late as the last of September. Ho also 

 ointed out to me the result of root pruning, on a 

 mall Plum tree, some four feet in height, literally 

 :)aded with fruit from the ground up. The pro- 

 ess of root pruning, as practiced by Capt L., is 

 ery simple: his method ia to shorten the roots 

 rith a sharp spade. This has the effect of forcing 

 he tree to produce fruit spurs, and to come imrno- 

 iately into bearing. He also pointed out the as- 

 onishing result of grafting in August, which I be- 

 ieve has never been practiced before by any one 

 >ut himself. It is to his genius that the public 

 ire indebted for this valuable discovery. His prac- 

 ice is to take in August, the fruit spurt from the 

 .rees of the desired fruit, and graft them in the 

 usual way : tlie desired object is to unite the graft 



with its new stock, but not to force it into leaf. If 

 this point is attained, the new grafts will in the 

 following spring leaf out, bloom, and produce a 

 crop of the desired fruit. He exhibilcd at the 

 rooms of the Massachusetts Horticultural Society, 

 several varieties of Pears from grafts thus set last 

 year, which excited no small attention among its 

 members. The Captain, from experience, has 

 great faith in a moderate use of salt cast over the 

 ground with the hand, as a top-dteseing among 

 small fruits. 



If you deem the above observations of sufficient 

 interest to the inquiring horticulturist, to deserve a 

 corner in your paper, I will, at my earliest leisure, 

 continue the subject. 



With much respect, 



! remain yours, 



A. H. ERNST. 



Sprins^ Garden, near Cincinnati, Oct. 26. 



for the produce of the soil, is another item added 

 to the wKulth of the country. A small lot of 

 cheese sent to China last year as an rxpcrimenl, 

 was sold thereat a grcnt profit; and now large 

 quantities are going to tlie same market; so that 

 instead of freighting the China traders with silver 

 com, as formerly, and thereby draining the country 

 of an article so much wnnted, the produce and 

 manufacture of the country nnswi-r just as well. 

 Cotton cloth, raw cotton, lead from Missouri, and 

 cheese from the dairy farms, are now exchanged 

 for the products of the East. Without a tariff we 

 should have no cloths for the Chinese, and but lit- 

 tle of any thing else. — Lancaster Gaz. 



PORK A.\D LARD OIL. 



We perceive that preparations are making at 

 Cincinnati and other places in Ohio, for slaughter- 

 inwand packing pork on an unusually extensive 

 scale. Though prices will be rather low, we think 

 they will he better than last year, owing to the in- 

 creased demand for lard. The late discovery of 

 converting the fat of the hog into a fine pure oil 

 for lamps, and the residue into a hard substance 

 for candles, equal to the best sperm, will prove of 

 vast importance to the West. As soon as this 

 business has been brought to that state of perfec- 

 tion which may reasonably be looked for, the whale 

 fishing will become of little account ; as the oil 

 can be made from the swine much cheaper than it 

 can bo obtained from the ocean; for while the fit- 

 ting out of a whale ship is enormously expensive, 

 it is a most perilous and uncertain employment. 

 To engage in the raising and fattening of Berk- 

 shires, requires little or no capital, while to catch 

 a single whale an outlay of many thousands is in- 

 dispensable. 



We may form some idea of the vast amount con- 

 sumed in the articles of oil and candles, when it is 

 considered that, from the whaling business, the 

 wealth of Holland was mostly obtained — the same 

 may be said of England : for between one and two 

 hundred years ago, and before these fish in the 

 Greenland seas and Davis's Straits had been de- 

 stroyed by the whalemen, the business was incalcu- 

 lably profitable. Then a ship could go out and 

 return the same year, certain to be richly freighted. 

 Now, three years are consumed in a whaling 

 voyage, and after all, vessels frequently return with 

 lillle or no oil. If, hereafter, the swine of the 

 Wi^st are to furnish but a small share of the wealth 

 I'orinerly dr^uvn from the ocean, we feel safe in es- 

 tiinatnig the advantages to the country astonishing- 

 ly large. 



Already, as we learn, orders have been received 

 at Cleveland and Cincinnati, from France and oth- 

 er foreign countries, for oil. For several months 

 past we have been using lard oil, and though of 

 the first made, prefer it to the best sperm. It 

 burns clear, has no sinell, forms no crust about the 

 wick, and above all, costs but half the price of 

 sperm. As light is indispensable in every family, 

 and as oil is used for various purposes, wo consider 

 it impossible to overstock the market, or that the 

 material for making oil can be furnished in too 

 large quantities. 



Every new discovery that creates a new demand 



Flour for Burns. — J. Marshall, Esq., surgeon, 

 recommends, in a communication in the London 

 Medical Journal, the employment of wheat flour 

 as an application to burns. This mild substance, 

 he says, is doubtless pre-eminent to nil others hith- 

 erto used, by imparting immediate cure to the in- 

 flamed and irritated surface. 



A humorous fellow, a carpenter, being summon- 

 ed as a witness on a trial for assault, one of the 

 counsel, who was very much given to brow-beat 

 the evidence, asked him what distance he was 

 from the parties when he saw the defendant strike 

 the plaintiff? The carpenter answered, "Just 

 four feet five inches and a half" " Pray thee, fel- 

 low," said the counsel, " how is it possible you 

 can he so very exact as to the distance ?" " I 

 thought," said the carpenter, " that some fool might 

 ask me, and so I measured it." 



EXCERPTS. 



Brass and metal kettles should never be used in 

 the preparation of preserves. Iron ware lined with 

 porcelain or tin, is much preferable, and not suti- 

 ject to the verdigris which acids produce on the 

 others. 



Give hens chalk or egg-shells with their food, 

 and they will lay double as many eggs as before. 



A farmer should never keep more cattle than he 

 can keep in good order. An animal in high condi- 

 tion the first of December, is already half winter- 

 ed. 



When the young laugh at the old, they laugh 

 at themselves beforehand. 



The best snuff in the world is a snuff of the 

 morning air. 



'• May be smoking is offensive to some of you V 

 " Yes, yes," immediately responded a dozen voicog. 

 "Well," said the inquirer, immediately placing 

 his segar between his lips and puffing away at it as 

 for dear life " H is to some folks .'" 



An army of principle wilj penetrate where an 

 army of soldiers cannot. Principle would succeed 

 where management would fail. 



Pitt was once canvassing for himself, and, in the 

 course of his travels, came to a blacksmith's shop. 

 '' Sir," said he, " will you favor mo with your vote 1" 

 ''Mr. Pitt," said the son of Vulcan, " I admire your 

 head, but blast your heart." "Mr. Blacksniilh," re- 

 turned Pitt, " I admire your candor, but blast your 

 manners." 



A chandler having had some candles stolen, was 

 told to be of good cheer — " they will come to light." 



