AND HORTICULTURAL REGISTER. 



PUBLISHED BY JOSEPH BRECK & CO., NO. 62 NORTH MARKET STREET, (Ageiculturai. Wahehodse.) 



I.\II.] 



BOSTON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 28, 1844. 



[KO. 35. 



N . E. FARMER, 



From tlie Cincinnati Atlas. 



GRAFTING FRUIT TREES. 



Bsrs. EJilors — As the season is at hand for 

 .miueiiccnient of piafling, I propose to offer 

 li your useful paper, a few practical remarl^s 

 saniP, for the benefit of siirh of your read- 

 are in want of information on this sul)ject, 

 .U3 add something to the common stock, in 

 dvancement of which we are mutually eii- 



hout^h so much has been said and written on 

 ibji'ct, that it may be replied, almost every 

 acquainted with the process in some form, 

 lat nolliing new can bo advanced. Although 

 ay bo true to some extent, liiere is still a 

 nt inquiry after more light. It is nut ir.y 

 lition to flatter your readers with a new dis- 

 ■', bit simply to bring to their notice what 

 il, and may be done at this time, 

 ifting may be performed at any time through 

 Inter. My practice is, in the fall, to secure a 

 4rtload3 of sand, (earth will answer, if sand 

 t be had,) in my cellar; then at the proper 

 after the leaves are off of the trees, I remove 

 ediing Slocks to the cellar, or secure them in 

 other situation where I can command llicm 

 y time wlien wanted. I then cut my grafts, 

 I should always be the last year's growth, and 

 cases where it can be, from hearing trees, 

 done, I am prepared for winter work, in which 

 lot fail to employ all the stormy days, which 

 ) otherwise be lost: and, as before observed, 

 g all my materials at command, when a stor- 

 ly occurs, so that my l.ands are driven in 

 , I rally them around a good fire, and coin- 

 e the work of grafting by cutting my roots 

 engths of from four to si.x inches, according 

 ! number of small fibres attached thereto; 

 I cii* my grafts to two or three eyes ; then I 

 lenco by cleft-grafting, which I think decided- 

 • surest and simplest method for root grafting, 

 am not particular in winch I make the split, 

 ! roots or grafts, which ever happens to be 

 ;nule3t. Care of course nmst be observed 

 he cut and spfit are performed with a sharp 

 , so that the surface is left smooth, and the 

 of the graft and root form a perfect union on 

 idc, so that the sap vessels come in contact, 

 liicli the sap may flow freely from one to the 

 . This is of the utmost importance, for with- 

 lis no union can be formed, and the conse- 

 :e is, the graft must perish. This flow of 

 3 as necessary to the life of the graft, as the 

 1 which flows through the veins of a man's 

 which has been broken and set by the skilful 

 ;cian, is for its successful reunion and healing. 

 done, I secure the parts by binding them 

 a shred of Russia matting, or woollen yarn. 

 I it quite unnecessary to apply wax or clay. 

 n deposit them in the cellar, in the sand be- 

 spoken of, in rows close together, leaving the 



top of the grafts exposed, taking care to keep a 

 proper divisiim between each sort. 



In this position they remain until March or 

 April, when they are transferred to their proper 

 place in the nursery. I have often found on re- 

 moving them from the cellar, that quite a healing 

 had been effected between the parts. I have nev- 

 er found it necessary to pay any attention to the 

 removal of the binding, as it always decays in 

 time to admit of the expansion of the plant. They 

 should be planted sufficiently deep to secure two 

 inches of earth over the part where the union is 

 effected, so as to exclude the sun and air from it. 

 Every economist must see the great advantage of 

 this mode of grafting over all others, where a large 

 auinuni is to be performed, to need an argument to 

 induce a trial. 



Trees produced from this mode of grafting are 

 much handsoiuer, if not better, than those grafted 

 above ground, or by budding ; as the body is al- 

 ways uniform, and not liable to overgrow the origi- 

 nal stock, which, to say the least of it, presents a 

 very un.sightly appearance. This mode of graft- 

 ing, however, is more particularly applicable to 

 apples than any other sort ol fruit. 



I remain yours, with much respect, 



A. II. ERNST. 



Spring Garden, Jan. 23, 1844. 



THRIFTY FARMING WITHOUT AGRICUL- 

 TURAL, PAPERS. 



[Were the following statements not well vouch- 

 ed, (and we know they would not have had publi- 

 city in the Fanners^ Cabinet were they not strictly 

 true,) we could hardly have credited thorn. A 

 farmer without barns, and making butter in a quart 

 bottle! — and this to be witnessed at the present 

 time, within twelve miles oF a city in the State of 

 Pennsylvania, (as we infer.) Verily, it would seem 

 there is need of sending missionaries among our 

 own people as well as to the benighted heaiheu of 

 foreign lands, — for, what can bo the degree of 

 general intelligence among those who, in the chief 

 art of civilized life, evince hardly a higher degree 

 of enlightened skill than that which directs the la- 

 bors of the savage .' We commend this farmer (?) 

 (and his townsmen, also, if they are like him,) to 

 the attention of the societies " for the diffusion of 

 knowledge." Surely, such ignorance is a disgrace 

 to any Slate, and ought to be baiii.'ihed from our 

 borders. It is hardly in advance of that existing 

 among the untutored savages when Pkmn founded 

 tlie Commonwealth in which it is now manifested. 

 —Ed. N. E. Far.] 



A few necks ago, a friend of ours was about to 

 take a journey on business, and as he would re- 

 main some time in a certain district where we had 

 no subscribers, he concluded, as well as ourselves, 

 that he might collect a few to add to our list. In 



a letter from him, dated " , Jan. 7th, 1844," 



he says : " I have lately taken a ride of twelve 

 miles from this city, and returned by a different 

 road. I saw but one building that could be con- 

 strued into an apology for a barn. " How do you 



manage without barns.-'" said I to one of the best 

 farmers I met with. "Oh," said he, "we have no 

 use for barns — we have nothing to put in them." 

 " How do you thresh your wheat?" I inquired. 

 " We do not make any wheat." " Your rye, then ?" 

 " We do not make any rye." " What do you do 

 with your hay ?" " Neither do we make any hay," 

 was his reply. " What do you give your horses 

 during wmter?" "The tops and blades of the 

 corn ?" " And how are your cows provided for ?" 

 "We let tliern take their chance in the fields 

 among the stalks: they make out to live till spring." 

 This same farmer told me he had not manured an 

 acre of land nor a hill of corn for nine years ! 

 " And what," I asked, " is an average crop of corn r" 

 "A barrel to the thousand hills." "And how 

 many hills do you reckon to the acre ?" " Two 

 thousand." "And how many bushels to the bar- 

 rel?" ''Five." " Then your crop of corn is ten 

 bushels to the acre." '' Yes, we are satisfied with 

 that, and half of us do not get that much." "Have 

 you marl here ?" I inquired. " Yes, we have plen- 

 ty of it three or four feet below the surface, hut it 

 is too much trouble to dig it." Seeing a little 

 girl busily engaged in shaking a quart bottle, I 

 asked what she had in it. She answered, cream, 

 and that she was making butter ! ! I conclude, 

 therefore, that a farmer who has a horse and cart, 

 a wooden plow, rope traces, and a corn-husk col- 

 lar, and a quart bottle to churn his butter in, feels 

 himself amply prepared for conducting a farm in 

 these dxfcgins, without wasting a dollar a year in 

 paying for the Farmers' Cabinet." 



A most legitimate conclusion, truly ! We 

 should have come to the same precisely, had we 

 been canvassing ourselves, instead of our friend. 

 Where would be tlie use in stirring up a neighbor- 

 hood that was quietly reposing upon a belief in the 

 perfection of its primitive habits, and in making it 

 feel its own privations, by showing it the superior 

 privileges of others ? If a man is content from 

 year to year, and from generation to generation, 

 with t(Mi bushels of corn to the acre — with hi-i 

 wooden plow, husk collar, and quart-bottle churn, 

 why ask him to waste his money on an agricultural 

 paper, that would make hiin dissatisfied with them 

 all ! 



Our friend also informed us, that overtaking a 

 boy who was returning in his cart from market, he 

 inquired of the lad how far he had come — what his 

 Iliad had consisted of, and how much be had ob- 

 tained for it ? He said his load was fodder — he 

 had brought it nine miles, and got aixlijlwo^ and a 

 half cents for it ! 



We could make quite a chapter of reflections 

 upon these little incidents, hut as they would not 

 reach the infected district — for no subscribers were 

 obtained — and as those of our readers will be quite 

 as wise as our own, we leave each one to supply 

 his own. — Farmers' Cabinet. 



Short Horns. — Mr S. D. Martin, in an article in 

 the Farmers' Cabinet, says : " I believe the Short- 

 Horns cannot be improved by any other, but think 

 all other cattle may be improved by Ihcin." 



