82 



KEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



Feb. 



(brutes, as well as men, make acquaintances,) af- 

 ter Avhich, let him be used by such master only, 

 hitching- him to such loads as he can easily draw ; 

 allow him any time he may require to get ready 

 to start, without much urging or any whipping, 

 or loud talk. Smooth out his foretop and mane, 

 caress his head and neck, and blow gently on his 

 nostrils, and talk soothingly to him, and ere long 

 his countenance and nerves will be seen to relax, 

 and his eye to assume a mild and subdued look, 

 Avheu the driver may take him by the bit and ask 

 him to go forward, and he will do it ; or if he still 

 refuses, allow him more time, and continue the 

 above process till success comes, as it surely will 

 come, without fail. Afterward, when the present 

 load is drawn without reluctance, add more and 

 more, and continue the same process, and event- 

 ually vou may have as tame a horse as you can ask. 

 Try it. 



And are not such means more congenial to a 

 mind of sensibility than that prescribed in the ar- 

 ticle referred to ? Cruelty to animals, is always 

 attended with pecuniary loss, and a brutalizing 

 and debasing effect upon him who inflicts it. Bet- 

 ter that the ox be sent to the shambles, and the 

 horse sold to the jockey at any price, than that 

 a man's sensibdities be blunted, his temper excit- 

 ed and his better nature outraged, in attempts to 

 subdue them. E. i. 



Springfield, Vt, 1860. 



BARN CELLARS. 



This subject was recently discussed by the Far- 

 mers' Club of West Cornwall, Ct. The Home- 

 stead reports that — 



"All the club were agreed upon the value of 

 such a place for depositing manure, where it may 

 be composted and ferment, even during extreme 

 w^eather. 



It was the universal opinion of all who had tried 

 it, that hay kept perfectly Vv-ell in a deep bay, go- 

 ing below the surface, if it was well drained so 

 that water would not rise ; it should be well cured, 

 and then it will preserve its color and fragrance 

 better than upon open mows or scaffolds . 



There was a division of opinion upon the point 

 whether horses and cattle did as well, kept in un 

 derground apartments. The truth a])pears to be, 

 that with proper light, ventilation, and cleanliness, 

 there is no better stabling ; but if the animals 

 wallow in filth, or a reeking dung-heap occupies 

 half the stable, and ventilation is only secured by 

 doors sometimes open and producing currents of 

 air, the natural consequence will be coughs and 

 colds, an^ other diseases resulting from impure 

 air and sudden changes of temperature." 



Dr. Loring's Address. — We received, some 

 time since, a copy of the "Address of Dr. George 

 B. Loring, before the Barnstable Agricultural So- 

 ciety, Oct. 6th, 1859," printed in the Salem Ad- 

 vocate. The topic discussed by Mr. Loring is 

 Agricultural Education — ^Elevated Labor. His ar- 

 guments are based not on the mere exjiediency 

 of desirableness of such education, but upon its 

 imperative necessity for the maintenance of our 



social and civil organizations. "That equality of 

 citizenship which makes us a free people," says 

 he, "requires this elevated condition of labor, 

 without which we should be free no longer." We 

 hope to see this address in a more convenient and, 

 to our poor eyes, more readable form. 



For tlie Neio England Farmer. 



THE WEATHEB OF THE AUTUMISr 

 MOISTTHS, 1859. 



The first half of September was very dry, less 

 than half an inch of rain falling during the first 

 sixteen days ; and the springs and streams, there 

 being a scanty supply of rain during the latter 

 part of August, became unusually low. Yet, strong 

 indications of rain were not wanting, for several 

 times storms lingered and threatened heavily for 

 several days, but finally deposited only a trifling 

 amount of moistiu'e. A heavy, cold, north-east 

 rain storm, however, set in at daylight on the 

 I7th, and during the twelve hours of its continu- 

 ance, deposited 1.94 inches of water on a level. A 

 heavy, very cold north-east storm also prevailed 

 during the 21st, 22d and 23d, in which two inches 

 of water fell ; and though there v/as but little rain 

 during the remainder of the month, there was the 

 usual supply of water for the month — 4.24 inches. 



The month, with the exception of a very few 

 days, was remarkably cool throughout, and during 

 the first sixteen days, the sunrise temperature Avas 

 more frequently below 45° than above that point. 

 Light frosts occurred on the 7th, 8th, and 9th, 

 and severe frosts on the loth and IGth. No frosts 

 occurred during the remainder of the month, and 

 generally the last half of the month was somewhat 

 warmer than the first half. There Avere three very 

 warm days about the 12th, but on the whole corn 

 matured slowly ; but very little had been cut pre- 

 vious to the loth, and only a fair commencement 

 had been made when the heavy frosts occurred on 

 the 15th and 16th, greatly injuring the fodder, and 

 almost spoiling the crop on late ])ieces. Generally 

 the corn had not become sufficiently ripened to 

 prevent serious damage ; yet, at husking time the 

 farmers found a larger proportion of souiid corn 

 than they had anticipated. On the 18th, from a 

 point in this vicinity, nearly one hundred acres of 

 corn could be seen, of which but a very small per 

 cent, had been cut ; the remainder was standing, 

 dead and whitened from the effects of the frosts 

 of the 15th and 16th. A large part of the corn, 

 hereabouts, Avas in the milk at the time of the 

 frosts ; but little Avas glazed, and only here and 

 there a piece matured enough to harvest. 



The mean temperature of the month Avas 57.15°; 

 of the first seventeen days, 56.44°; of the last thir- 

 teen, 58.69°, the last part of the month being tv/o 

 and a quarter degrees AA'arraer than the first part. 

 The mean temperature of September, 1859, A'aried 

 but little from that of September, 1858, but Avhile 

 the Avhole month Avas very cool the present year, 

 in 1858 the fore part of the month Avas extremely 

 Avarm — no frosts occurring till the 23d ; and the 

 remainder of the month Avas remarkably cold, ice 

 forming several times, but on the whole, very fa- 

 vorable to vegetation, and there Avas no loss from 

 frosts. 



The highest temperature in September Avas 75°, 



