1862. 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



13 



but my farm, farmed at the halves, pays me eight 

 per cent. 



The disease called "garget" commences in the 

 horns and head. Besmear the top and hack part 

 of the head and around the roots of the horns, Avith 

 ■warm tar and rub thoroughly ; if it fjils to effect a 

 cure, report the failure, and it will be the first to 

 my knowledge. 



To cure swollen, or tumefied udders or bag, wash 

 clean with warm soap-suds, then rub thoroughl!/ 

 with pure bee honey, and a cure will be effected in 

 twenty-four hours generally ; sometimes it may be 

 necessary to repeat the operation. The above is 

 the venj best application for women sufi'ering as 

 above. 



To cure the "blind staggers" in swine, make an 

 incision about three inches long through the skin 

 on the forehead ; pull up the skin on each side, fill 

 with fine salt, and the cure is effected immediately. 



Geo. B. Green. 



Windsor, Vt., Nov., 1861. 



■WEIGHTS AHD MEASUUSS 



OF VAFilOUS FAR:\I products AST) OTHER THINGS, 

 IN VARIOUS COUNTRIES. 



In England and America grain is generally rated 

 by the bushel, though it is not the same measure ; 

 for here we use the Winchester bushel, wliich con- 

 tains 2,150 42-100 cubic inches. There, since 18G2, 

 the legal measure is called the imperial Inishel, 

 which contains 2,218 cubic inches ; so that 32 of 

 their bushels are about equal to o8 of ours. 



The following are the commercial weights of a 

 bushel of different articles, viz : Wheat, beans, po- 

 tatoes and clover seed, GO pounds. Corn, rye, ilax 

 seed and onions, 56 pounds. Corn on the cob 

 weighs 70 pounds ; buckwheat, 52 ; barley, 48 : 

 hemp seed, 44 ; Timothy seed, 45 ; castor beans, 

 46 ; oats, 35 ; bran, 20 ; blue grass seed, 14 ; salt, 

 50, according to one account, but Onondaga salt is 

 56, (the real weight of coarse salt is 85 pounds to 

 the bushel ;) dried apples, 24 ; dried peaches, 33, 

 according to a table lately published in numerous 

 papers, but according to our experience both are 

 wrong. We have seen thousands of bushels sold 

 at 22 pounds to the bushel, wliich will measure 

 about thi-ee pecks. 



Heaping Measures. — Potatoes, turnips, and es- 

 culent roots, apples and other fruits, meal, bran, 

 and in some States oats, are sold by heaping meas- 

 ure, wliich contains 2,815 cubic inches. 



Barrel Measure. — Rice, 600 pounds ; flour, 196 

 lbs. ; powder 25 lbs. ; cider and other liquids, 30 

 gallons ; corn, 5 bushels, shelled. By this latter 

 measure crops are estimated, and corn bought and 

 sold throughout most of the Southern and West- 

 ern States. At New Orleans, a ban-el of corn is a 

 flour ban-el full of ears. In some parts of the West 

 it is common to count a huncbed ears to a bushel. 



Ton Weight and Ton Measure. — A ton of hay 

 or any coarse bulky article usually sold by that 

 measure, is twenty gross hundred : that is 2,240 

 pounds ; though in many places that ridiculous old 

 fcshion is being done away and 2,000 pounds only 

 counted to a ton. 



A ton of timber, if round, consists of 40 cubic 

 feet ; if square, 54 feet. A ton of wine is 252 gal- 

 lons. 



A quarter of corn is the fourth of a ton, or eight 

 imperial bushels. This is an English measure, not 

 in use in this country, though very necessary to be 

 known so as to understand agi-icultural reports. 



Tro!/ Weight and Avoirdupois Weight. — One 

 hundred and forty-four pounds avoirdupois are 

 equal to 175 pounds Troy — 175 ounces Troy are 

 equal to 102 ounces avoirdupois. All precious 

 metals arc bought and sold by Troy Aveight. 



The kilogramme of France is 1,000 grammes, 

 and equal to 2 pounds 2 ounces, 4 grains avoirdu- 

 pois. 



A chaldron of coal is 58 1 cubic feet, generally 

 estimated 36 bushels. A bushel of anthracite coal 

 weighs 80 jiounds, which makes the weight of a 

 chaldron 2,880. 



Weights of a Cubic Foot. — Of sand or loose 

 earth, 95 pounds; compact soil, 124; a strong or 

 clayey soil, 127 ; piu-e clay, 135 ; mixture of stones 

 and clay, 160 ; masonry of stone, 205 ; brick, 125 ; 

 cast iron, 450 ; steel, 489 ; copper 486 ; lead, 700 ; 

 silver, 654 ; gold, 1,203 ; platina, 1,218 ; glass, 180 ; 

 water, 62; tallow, 59; cork, 15; oak timber, 73; 

 mahogany, 66 ; air, 0,0753. In the above, frac- 

 tions are disregarded. 



A bale of cotton, in Egypt, is 90 pounds ; in 

 America, a commercial bale is 400 pounds, but is 

 put up in different States varying fi-om 280 to 720 

 pounds. Sea Island cotton is put up in sacks of 

 300 pounds. 



A bale of hay is 300 pounds. 



A cord of wood is 128 solid feet, usually put 8 

 feet long, 4 feet wide and 4 high. 



A perch of stone is 25 cubic feet, jiiled, or 22 in 

 the v,-all. 



Lime and sand to a perch of stone — three pecks 

 of lime, and two-thirds of a one-horse cart load of 

 sand. 



Weight of Lime. — A bushel of limestone weighs 

 142 pounds ; after it is burned, if weighed directly 

 from the kiln, 75 pounds ; showing that 67 pounds 

 of carbonic acid and water have been driven off by 

 fire. This bushel of lime will absorb 20 pounds of 

 water, gradually applied during several days, and 

 Avill then be in a state of dry powder, weighing 93 

 pounds ; showing that 18 pounds of water have 

 been converted into a solid, dry substance. 



To Measure a Ton of Hay. — One hundred cu- 

 bic feet of hay, in a solid mow or stack, will weigh 

 a ton. 



Compute Weight of Cattle by Measure. — As- 

 certain the girth back of the shoulders, and the 

 length along the back, from the square of the but- 

 tock, to a point e\e\\ with the j'oint of the shoul- 

 der-blade; say the girth is 6 feet 4 inches, and 

 the length 5 feet 3 inches, which multiplied to- 

 gether, gives 31 feet. iSIultiply this by 23, the 

 number of pounds allowed to the foot, between 5 

 and 7 feet girth, and the result is 713 pounds, for 

 the numl)er of pounds of beef in the four quar- 

 ters. Girths, from 7 to 9 feet, allow 31 pounds 

 to the foot. Cattle must be fat and square built 

 to hold out weight. 



To Measure Grain in 7?/?j,9, multiply the length 

 and width together, and that product by the height 

 in cubic inches and divide by 2,150, and you have 

 the number of bushels. 



To Measure Corn in the Ear, find the cubic 

 inches as above, and divide by 2,815, the cubic 

 inches in a heaped bushel, and take two-thii-ds of 



