1863. 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



28tf 



For the tiete England Farmer, 

 "WINTEK WHEAT. 



Mr. Editor : — In my late ramble through 

 Massachusetts, New Hampshire and Vermont, I 

 saw plenty of winter rye fields, and scarcely a 

 sin^^le field of winter wheat. It only surprises me 

 to find such universal neglect of the "main staff 

 of life." Where rye grows, wheat will grow, and 

 give as many or more bushels per acre, and ripen 

 at the same time. Wheat will grow and fill on 

 rich, stnmg land when rye often fails. 



It is to be hoped the farmers may get through 

 with their haying so that now and then a patch 

 may be ploughed up to sow a little wheat upon. 

 Grass Rwnrd ploughed in with its decaying roots 

 and stubble is as good as a dressing of manure, 

 and much better for the crops. 



First, Soak seed in salt pickle, half a peck to 

 four pails of water. Rake it in ashes. Second, 

 sow seven to eight pecks to the acre. Third, If 

 posvsiblc, get it in three inches deep to prevent 

 winter killing. Fourth, On cold clayey land sow 

 last week in August ; on warm land, first week in 

 September. Fifth, Roll if possible. Sixth, Slop- 

 ing lands are best, even for all grains. Seventh, 

 If chess grass appears heading out with the wheat, 

 go through and ptiU ii up. 



The above rules, strictly followed, (and nothing 

 new'from the pen of the writer) will insure a good 

 crop five years out of six. 



The weevil has been the great obstacle to the 

 farmer. Can we so readily account for it as by 

 the probability of its eggs being on the berry and 

 hatching out in the spring ? It does not a|)pear 

 when pickle and ashes are applied that weevil 

 have troubled the grain. It very materially nour- 

 ishes and quickens thp growth. Henry Poor. 



Brooklyn, Loiuf Inland, Aug , 1863. 



The School- House. — It is the duty of teach- 

 ers, as well as parents and school committees, to 

 see that the circumstances under which children 

 study are such as shall leave a happy impression 

 upon their minds ; for whatever is brought under 

 the frequent observation of the young must have its 

 influence upon their susceptible natures for good 

 or evil. Shabby school-houses induce slovenly hub- 

 its. Ill-constructed benches may not only distort 

 the body, but by reflex influence, the mind as well. 

 Conditions like these seldom fail to disgust the 

 learner with his school, and neutralize the best 

 efforts of his teachers. On the other hand, neat, 

 comfortable places for study may help to awaken 

 the association enchaining the mind and the heart 

 to learning and virtuous instruction with link of 

 gold brightening forever. 



^T The Coal Company reports of coal receiv- 

 ed by the various roads for the week just ended, 

 show that the supply for the season now reaches 

 about four and a quarter millions of tons, some 

 eleven hundred or twelve hundred tliousand tons 

 in excess of the production to the same date last 

 year from the same source of supply. 



It often appears in a family as if all the quali- 

 ties of the progenitors were potted in several jars 

 — some ruling quality in each son or daughter of 

 the house — and sometimes the unmixed tempera- 

 ment, the rank, unmitigated elixir, the fiiniily vice, 

 is drawn off in a separate individual, and the oth- 

 ers are proportionately relieved. 



A HORSE -WITH WAKTS. 



Warts are not un-* 

 common upon the horse> 

 and the inquiry is often' 

 made, "What will cure' 

 or exterminate them P" 

 In Mayhew's splendid 

 work on the horse, we 

 find something to the 

 point. He says there 

 are three sorts of warts. 

 The first is of a carti- 

 laginous nature, and is 

 contained in a distinct sac or shell. Upon the sac 

 being divided, the substance drops out, leaving a 

 perfect clean cavity which soon disappears. 



The second sort is also cartilaginous, but, un- 

 like the first, is not contained within a cuticular 

 sac. It adheres firmly to the skin, and is apt to 

 grow large ; sometime it becomes of enormous' 

 bulk. The crown is rough and unsightly ; the 

 body is vascular, and the growth, from its magni- 

 tude and uneven texture, is apt to be injured, 

 when it never heals. This species of wart is often 

 to be found upon the human hand. 



The third variety is hardly a true wart. It con- 

 sists of a cuticular case, including a soft granular 

 substance. 



To cure the first kind, when the warts are found 

 to be inclosed in a defined cuticular shell, the 

 quickest and the more humane practice is to take a 

 sharp-pointed knife, and impale them, or run the 

 blade through each in succession. The edge 

 should be away from the skin, and the knife being 

 withdrawn with an upward cutting motion, the 

 sac and substance are both sundered. After this 

 touch the part occasionally with chloride of zinc, 

 one grain to an ounce of water. 



When the growth proves of the fixed cartilagi- 

 nous kind no time should be lost in its remoral. 

 The quickest plan — and not, perhaps, the most 

 painful method — of doing this is by means of the 

 knife. The excrescence should be thoroughly ex- 

 cised, being sundered at the base. Some bleeding 

 will follow. This may readily be commanded by 

 having at hand a saucepan of water boiling over a 

 small fire. Into this plunge a small piece of iron, 

 and when heated apply it to the bleeding surface, 

 which will stop the flow of blood, and not destroy 

 the living flesh. 



Some persons object to the knife. The next 

 best thing is the use of caustic. Strong acetic 

 acid is good ; the next in strength is butter of an- 

 timony ; then nitrate of silver, or lunar caustic, 

 and then sidphuric acid, made into a paste with 

 powdered sidphur, and applied by means of a flat 

 piece of wood. 



In all cases of this kind, and especial!*- where 

 the animal is a valuable one, it is prudent to call 



