1864. 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



17 



delegated some of their number to visit these es- 

 tablishments, and having been convinced of the 

 simplicity of the plan, they immediately formed an 

 association and entered upon the prosecution of 

 the enterprise. They have now in the process of 

 erection in the south part of Warren, one building 

 40 feet by 30, another 30 feet by 16, and also a 

 drying room, two stories in height, 100 feet in 

 length, and 26 feet in width. These buildings, 

 together with fixtures, steam apparatus, etc., will 

 cost $3000. 



To carry out the r>lan, thirty dairies, compris- 

 ing five hundred cows, have been pledged for five 

 years, and it is expected that others will be add- 

 ed as soon as operations have been successfully 

 commenced. This will give from 1500 to 2000 

 gallons of milk per day ; and since it is an estab- 

 lished fact that one hundred gallons of milk will 

 give one hundred weight of cheese, the establish- 

 ment is expected to turn out one ton of cheese 

 per day. 



The care of the factory will require the attend- 

 ance of only four persons. A well has been exca- 

 vated in a hillside near by, from which water will 

 be carried to any part of the building. In order 

 that there may be no waste, an extensive piggery 

 is to be constructed, and one hundred swine will 

 be fed upon the whey which the factory affords. 

 The milk will be brought from the farms every 

 morning, and the cheese divided among the pro- 

 prietors in proportion to the number of gallons of 

 milk furnished. Each cheese will weigh one hun- 

 dred pounds, and will probably be packed in sep- 

 arate boxes. 



At a large establishment of this kind seven 

 miles from Rome, N. Y., cheese is manufactured 

 at an expense of only one cent per pound, and is 

 found to be superior in quality to that made in the 

 ordinary way, commanding from one to two cents 

 per pound more in the market. Viator. 



Worcester, Nov., 1863. 



AMONG THE 



For the New England Farmer. 

 GREEN MOUNTAINS. 



Keeping Cabbages. — We have no reason to 

 change our old mode of keeping cabbages through 

 the winter ; and to those who have not stored 

 theirs we again commend it as all that is desira- 

 ble. Take up the cabbage by the roots — set it 

 closely together in rows up to the head in soil, 

 7-oots down the same as it grows — drive in posts at 

 the corners of the bed and intermediate spaces if 

 necessary, higher one side than the other — nail 

 strips of board, lath or anything else that will an- 

 swer on these posts — lay upon these old boards, 

 doors, or if you have nothing else bean poles aiid 

 corn fodder, so that the roof wdl be clear of the 

 cabbage and allow the air to circulate — close up 

 the sides with yard or garden offal of any kind — 

 and your cabbages will keep all winter, fresh and 

 green, and be accessible at all times, or nearly so, 

 the frost not being nearly so severe under this 

 protection as in exposed places. We have pur- 

 sued this plan for years and it has always given 

 satisfaction. Remember, exclude moisture — never 

 mind the frost, which is a benefit rather than an 

 injury. — Germantown Telegraph. 



WoRTn Tryixg. — The Ohio Farmer says that 

 coal oil has been found, by accident, to be a most 

 effective means of protecting fruit trees against 

 the ravages of the curculio, by placing saw dust, 

 saturated with the oil, at the foot of the tree. 



The Harvest — Hay Crop — Summer Freshets — Demand for Mow- 

 ing Machines — Labor-Saving Machines — Education — "Every 

 generalion grows weaker and wiser." — State Agricultural 

 College — Union of Colleges — The "Pet" Institution — The 

 Weather. 



Messrs. Editors :— After so long a silence I 

 occupy my "Easy Chair" at the window, to note 

 a few retrospective thoughts for the New England 

 Farmer. 



The harvest has come and gone since my last 

 letter, and quite a bountiful one has it been in 

 many respects. In this county, (Caledonia) the 

 vegetable growth was heavy, especially so in re- 

 gard to grass, — yielding a large crop of hay ; but 

 the very unfavorable hay-season caused much 

 grass to be severely injured before it could be 

 properly hayed and housed. The four or five 

 weeks following the middle of July, the usual time 

 of the commencement of haying, afforded scarcely 

 a fourth part of the time so that grass "ould be 

 made suitable for the mow. The last of August 

 and the first of September gave haymakers an op- 

 portunity to make hay, and it was very generally 

 improved. 



Alluvial or meadow land owners were severely 

 taxed, both of money and muscle, the past season, 

 from the high summer freshets, which came just 

 in season to flow the uncut grass. Probably, 

 double the time and labor was required to har- 

 vest the hay crop on these meadows the past sea- 

 son, that would have been required had they not 

 been fllowed. This made a demand for mowing 

 machines, which was greater than the supply, dur- 

 ing the hay season. The demand, principally, 

 was for the Union, the Wood and the Hubbard 

 machines. The lighter draft which these possess 

 over the Buckeye and heavier machines, gives 

 them the preference among our farmers generally. 

 With the present scarcity of farm help, the mow- 

 ing machine is really an institution to be valued 

 and esteemed for the saving it makes of time and 

 human labor. The writer is an earnest advocate 

 of labor-saving inventions for personal considera- 

 tions, — be they combined mowers and reapers, 

 seed-sowers or horse-hoes, — machines of whatev-. 

 ever name or kind, if they but lessen the muscu- 

 lar toil of the laborer, and, as well, prove a bless- 

 ing to the farm. 



Times are continually changing. In the days 

 of our fathers, more than now, man's physical na- 

 ture predominated over his mental ; his mind was 

 not exercised in proportion to his physical powers. 

 The consequence was strong, muscular bodies and 

 comparatively unexpanded intellects. The pres- 

 ent generation is to some extent reversed in this 

 particular. Schools are more generally enjoyed ; 

 a taste for knowledge is acquired, and the mind 

 receives a greater proportion of care and exercise, 

 it may be to the prejudice and loss of physical 

 power. Therefore it is that "every generation 

 grows weaker and wiser." And it is a noticeable 

 fact, at the present day, that the young are more 

 anxious to procure and introduce new inventions 

 and appliances to lessen physical labor than are 

 the fathers. The young are physically weaker, to 

 say nothing of the disinclination to work in the 

 minds of some ; they cannot bear the labor the 

 fathers did. This weakness maybe occasioned by 

 climate, food, devotion to study, want of physical 

 exercise, or other causes. The fact is apparent; 



