1864. 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



39 



ly scarred and mangled by careless cultivation. I 

 have two orchards in view, located not over eigh- 

 ty rods apart. One is seeded down to grass. The 

 other has its trees all scarred and mangled by 

 careless cultivation. Yet with this drawback the 

 cultivated orchard is a long way ahead. 



Go where you will in the Northwest, trees are 

 looking finely as a general thing, in cultivated 

 grounds. But as a general thing they are look- 

 ing half starved, sickly and more dead than alive, 

 where the grounds are overgrown with grass and 

 . weeds. 



Experienced cultivators and observing men rec- 

 ommend the following varieties as valuable ap- 

 ples for cultivation in the Northwest, and as be- 

 ing extra hardy. They furnish a supply the year 

 round : 



Red Astrachan, Dutchess Oldenburg, Fall Stripe, Ant. Straw- 

 berry, Sweet Pear, Fanieuse, Fall Wine Sap, Colvert, Cider, 

 Sweet Wine, Tollman Sweet, Pomme Oris, Northern Spy, Win- 

 ter Wine Sap, Perry Russet, Golden do., Raules Janet, Canada 

 Black, Red Romanite, Dumelows. 



There are nearly as meny more that promise 

 well, but have not had thorough trial, which will 

 give entire surety in their ability to stand our 

 hard winters. 



Eastern varieties that are hardy grow very fair 

 fruit and of good size. Canada and Eastern peo- 

 ple are often at lots to recognize well-known va- 

 rieties. L. L. Fairchild. 



Boiling Prairie, Wis., Nov., 1863. 



For the New England Farmer. 

 PRINCETON. 



Twelve miles northward from the city of 

 Worcester, there is a beautiful eminence called 

 Wachusett Mountain. It is not a great moun- 

 tain. It rears its ..conical head only about two 

 thousand feet above Massachusetts Bay. It is 

 the point of land that the eye of the mariner first 

 rests upon as he nears our coast. The view from 

 the summit is an enchanting one. Wood, lawn, 

 lake and river, all conspire to create a magnificent 

 prospect. 



Nestled in the embrace of this mountain lies the 

 quiet town of Princeton. It is noted for its salu- 

 brious atmosphere and delightful prospects. The 

 town was named from one of the early pastors of 

 the Old South church in Boston — Rev. Thomas 

 Prince, who was a large stockholder in the landed 

 property of the place. This learned gentleman 

 ■was something of an historian, having published 

 in 1736 "The Chronological History of New Eng- 

 land," which was considered a work of considera- 

 ble merit in those days. Only as many copies as 

 had been previously subscribed for were permit- 

 ted to be printed, the subscribers having the sat- 

 isfaction of seeing their cwn names printed at the 

 commencement of the voiume. 



In the summer months many people from the 

 city resort here, seeking health and pleasure. It 

 is situated only fifty miles distant from Boston, 

 and is easy of access by railroad, «jo that the man 

 of business who can ill afford the loss of time re- 

 quisite for a trip to Saratoga can easily spend a 

 day at Princeton with his family, and gain real 

 strength and vigor for future labor. A few inva- 

 lids spend the entire summer here, but the larger 

 class of visitors remain but a few days, or weeks 

 at most, and then give room to others. During 

 the past summer there were about three hundred 



visitors constantly enjoying the hospitalities of 

 the people. The three hotels being insufficient 

 to accommodate so large a number, many a farm- 

 house opened its doors to receive them. 



As an agricultural town, Princeton takes rank 

 with the best towns in the State. No better pas- 

 ture lands can be found anywhere than those ly-, 

 ing adjacent to the road leading from Princeton 

 to Worcester. Asa natural consequence, we find 

 superior dairies. The dairy products amount to 

 $75,000 annually. Much of the pasture land be- 

 ing situated at an inconvenient distance from the 

 farm buildings for dairy purposes, is devoted to 

 making beef, some of the farmers turning forty 

 head of beef cattle the present season. 



There are some noted farms and farmers in this 

 town. Mr. Boylston occupies a farm which has 

 been counted the model farm of the State in form- 

 er years. The commodious buildings, majestic 

 shade trees, trim fences, etc., are the theme of ad- 

 miring remarks from all who visit the premises. 

 In the same locality we find the residence of the 

 late John Brooks, Esq., who was a truly progres- 

 sive agriculturist. His many experiments in feed- 

 ing stock, testing the comparative value of differ- 

 ent kinds of fodder, as well as his experiments 

 with field crops, which are recorded in "The 

 Agriculture of Massachusetts," give abundant ev- 

 idence of an investigating mind and persevering 

 industry. Others in this vicinity have given evi- 

 dence of skill in rural affairs, worthy of mention, 

 if I had space ; but rather than incur the risk of 

 being tedious, I forbear to speak of them. 



Worcester, Dec., 1863. Viator. 



Remarks. — We thank "Viator" for this and 

 other favors, and suggest that, as our paper is 

 now enlarged to its former size, room may be 

 found for his interesting articles, even if they are 

 somewhat extended. 



For the New England Farmer. 



METEOROLOGICAL RECORD FOR NO- 

 VEMBER, 1863. 



These observations are taken for and under the 

 direction of the Smithsonian Institution. 



The average temperature of November was 40° ; 

 average midday temperature, 45°. The corres- 

 ponding figures for Noveniber, 1862, were 37° and 

 42°. Warmest day, the 17th, averaging 57°; 

 coldest day, the 30th, averaging 22°. Highest 

 temperature 59° ; lowest do. 18°. 



Average height of mercury in the barometer 

 29.22 inches; do. for November, 1862, 29.25 

 inches. Highest daily average 29.69 inches ; low- 

 est do. 28.83 inches. Range of mercury from 

 28.79 inches to 29.69 inches. 



Rain fell on ten days ; amount of rain 3.55 

 inches, — no snow. Six days rain and snow in 

 November, 1862, with 7 inchee snow and 1.05 

 inches of rain and melted snow. There were no 

 entirely clear days ; on three days the sky was 

 entirely overcast. 



It will be noticed that the average temperature 

 of the month was decidedly higher than the same 

 month last year. The barometrical average was 

 lower, with more than three times as much rain. 

 The constant succession of cloudy days and the 

 small proportion of sunshine will be remembered. 



Clarcmont, N. H., Dec., 1863. A. C. 



