224 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



July 



CONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER. 



Wonders of July Page 193 



Raise the Calves 194 



Statistics of Cheese Factories— Grub in the Head 195 



Moisture in the Air — Bottom of the Sea • . .195 



Flowing-Draining— Trial of Mowing Machines 196 



Sheep Husbandry 196,205,211,217 



Note from Vermont — Praning Fruit Trees 198 



Meteorological Record for April 198 



Crossing Animals — Sickness and Loss of Sheep 199 



The Bobolink 199 



The"Wheildon Pear" 200 



Mangold Wurtzel— Beet Sugar in the West 201 



Breck's Book of Flowers 202 



Eradication of Ox Eye Daisy 202 



Cows, Sheep and Hogs— To Catch Sheep-Killing Dogs 204 



Horse Hoe, or Rotary Spader 205 



What is Cultivation? 206 



Influence of the Atmosphere on Soil 207 



Dinner as an Educator 208 



Importance of the Clover Crop • 209 



Black Teeth in Swine — Butter Increased by Water 210 



The Pumpkin— Salting Hay 211 



A Word for the Boys 213 



Notes from the Provinces— Pea Cheese 214 



Game and Brahma Fowls Compared 214 



The Blithe Lark— Root Crops— The Turnip 215 



Working Bulls in Single Harness 215 



Extracts and R j plies 216 



Fancy Farming— Birds and Insects 217 



Watering Cattle and Horses— Cutting and Curing Clover.... 219 



Grubs in the Head of Sheep 220 



Harvesting Grain 221 



Talk about Ha- Making 222 



Early Cut Hay for Milch Cows 223 



Aphis on Apple Tree Buds 223 



Cattle Markets for June 224 



ILLUSTRATIONS. 



Initial Letter "A" 193 



Wheildon Pear ^2C0 



Horse Hoe, or Rotary Spader 205 



CATTLE MARKETS FOR JUNE. 



The following is a summary of the reports for the five weeks 

 ending June 22, 1864: 



NUMBER AT MARKET. 



Cattle. Sheep. Shotes^ Fat Hogs. Veals. 



May 25 1575 2054 650 1150 1100 



June 1 975 3660 625 641 900 



" 8 1052 2907 892 800 1CO0 



" 15 1481 3149 750 1300 950 



" 22 1213 3336 500 600 800 



Total 6296 15,106 3417 



4491 



4750 



The following table exhibits the number of cattle and sheep 

 from each State for the last five weeks, and for the correspond- 

 ing five weeks last year ; also the total number since the first of 

 January, of each year: 



THIS YEAR. LAST TEAK. 



Cattle. Sheep. Cattle. Sheep. 



Maine 85 299 284 689 



New Hampshire 676 1578 811 2790 



Vermont 1423 5528 1073 5794 



Massachusetts 434 810 411 lf>30 



Northern New York 30 516 26 1162 



Western States 3316 6271 3119 2595 



Canada 32 114 24 141 



Total for the five weeks 6,296 15,106 5,748 14,701 



Total, since Jan. 1,(25 weeks,)33,626 102,364 33,792 268,766 



PRICES. 



May 25. Junel. June 8. June 15. June 22, 



Beef,l,2, 3 qual.ll @13J 10^gl4 10V§14 10 @18 9|sl3 



" ex.andprem.l3V@14 14 ©14^ 14£§15 13^614 13£@14 



Sheep #■ ft 10 <§11 11 @U| 10 @11 9 a 10 10@— 



" sheared... 6 J@9J 5^5.9 6 @8J 5 @8 ^a,1\ 



Shotes, retail 9 <gll 10 igll 10 @12 11 @12 11 @12 



Beef hides, ty ft.l0J@ll lO^gH 10i@U 10£&U 10£(gll 



Remarks. — During the past months even higher prices than 

 any heretofore reported, have been paid for cattle and sheep. 

 June 8th there were more than 100 Western cattle sold at 15c ty 

 ft., with an allowance of 30 ty cent, on part and 28 ty cent, on 

 others for offal. Since then we have known of no sales at any- 

 thing over 14c, and most of the good Western steers at 13 to 

 13^c ty ft. 



Sheep have also been sold very high. Sheared sheep at 9}£c 

 to 10c ty ft., and it is said that one lot of extra wooled sheep, 

 bought in Albany on commission, cost over 13c ty ft., live 

 weight. But the month closes with a large reduction in prices. 



The following from our report of sales, June 22, will show the 

 state of the market, at that date. 



Stephen Mann sold 4 cows and 4 steers best quality of 

 Addison County, Champlain Valley cattle, and the best cat- 

 tle at Cambridge this week are from that section of clay 

 farms — for 12jC, 35 sk, about 675 fts, dressed ; 5 two-year- 

 olds to Mr. Alger, 450 fts. each, for $50 ty head ; 5 steers 

 laid to dress 600 fts, for $355 ; 2 steers and a cow for $170, 

 or lie ty ft ; and one steer for $45, or 9c ty ft. 



Geo. W. Morrison sold one pair of oxen laid at 2400 fts, 

 for $300; 4 oxen laid at 3600 fts, for $440; one pair laid at 

 1750 fts, for $215 ; one pair, 1600 fts, for $205 ; and one pair, 

 1450 fts, for $175. These oxen come from another good 

 farming country, the Winnipiseogee Valley, in Central 

 New Hampshire. The Boston cattle market may well be 

 visited by those who wish to spy out the best agricultural 

 localities in New England. 



I. A. Blake sold 12 oxen to Henry Zoller for $1190, or 

 from 10c to 12£c ty ft ; 4 steers for $210, or lie #■ ft ; and two 

 cows for $70, or 9c ty ft. 



M. T. Shackett sold 4 oxen 1100 fts. each, for 12Jc, which 

 he claimed were good enough to have brought 13jC two 

 week ago; 4 fat cows 750 fts. each, for lie; 12 two and 

 three-year-olds for 10^c, and 6 cows and heifers at 10c. 



Batchelder & Bros, soid to Mr. Valpy 19 Western steers, 

 at 12jc, 33 sk. 



G. W. Barker sold 5 steers and oxen to W. E. Gowing 

 for 12£c, to kill and weigh, one nice fat cow for lie, and 9 

 steers and cows for 10jc. 



J. Lyman sold one pair of River oxen at about 13c ty ft. 



W. Scollans & Co. sold 365 head of Western cattle, 

 part of them left over from last week, as follows, omitting 

 weights for sake of brevity: — 20 to G. Davis, at I.33C, 28 sk; 

 20 to E. Jirewer, at 14c, 30 sk ; 31 to S. S. Learnard, at 13£c, 

 28 sk; 14 to E. Porter, at 14c, 28 sk; 13 to C. Sanderson, at 

 13^0, 28 sk ; 51 to J. F. Taylor, at 13Jc, 30 sk ; 4 to Jacksons 

 13c, 30 sk ; 12 to S. S. Learnard, at 13c, \ sk ; 5 to F. Pierce' 

 at 13|c, 30 sk; 2 to H. Pierce, at 14c, 30 sk; 11 to T. Brooks,' 

 at 13£c, 31 sk ; 13 to A. Mead, at 13Jc, 30 sk; 28 to C. San- 

 derson, at 13}c, 30 sk ; 12 to O. Lynde, at 13c, 5 sk ; 7 to Mr. 

 Phipps, 13Jc, 30 sk; 42 to S. Davis, at 13c, 32 sk; 8 to S. F. 

 Woodbridge, at 12£c, f sk ; 10 to Mr. Ordway, at 12c, 35 sk ; 

 15 at lljc, 35 sk ; 10 at 10^c, 35 sk ; and 32 for lljc, 24 sk. 



M. T. Shackett sold 120 sheep 81 fts. each, for 7c, which 

 he said would have brought 9|c four weeks ago, and 192 

 averaging 78 fts, for from b\ to 6£c ty ft. Pratt & Way sold 

 a small lot at 6c ; Gen. J. Morse sold a lot of good Canada 

 sheep and lambs, the sheep at 7jC ty ft, and the lambs at 

 $5.50 ty head. Jerry Batchelder sold 500 Western sheep at 

 from 7 to 7£c ty ft ; A.N. Monroe sold 200 Western sheep, 

 88 fts. each, for (i.|c ty ft. W. Scollans sold a lot kept over 

 from last Aveek, for 6c; Austin White sold one lot for 7£c 

 which was the highest price we heard of, for sheep at 

 Brighton. Grand good lots, fat enough, and too fat, some 

 of the butchers said, at 7c. A lot of good wooled Western 

 sheep at 10c. 



