18/57. 



NEW ENGLAND i'AllMLli. 



2.S1 



nminxhmftnt. In a plant rapirlly fp-rm'w^, \ V.y the ftXfKrnmrmfii of M. Bamjfl, from 



hiuirlrfrdjt of nf:w ino'ifhi arc thrj?. fom.*;'J fiff.y to «ixf.y p<;r i-.c.iti. only of iuic<; was ol>- 

 (:vf;ry f!ay, to rrir:rr-.a-.»: if,-. pom;r of obt.airiiri;< | t.ainr-.d from \h(: f>f;f;t. ; v/htn-An thf; profliK-t.Ion 

 fwxJ ; ar.fj thru itji vt-ry j^rowth in^Tfra«.*t^ it« at, th^: pr*«;r.t, tim*; ix from ^^ij^hty to fif'hty- 

 pow»:r o/ j^rowiri;^. A« f,h(r «r»:m advawj-.n in j fiv»; p<r r:<nt.. T\„: yu-.Ul of «ficVar wa.t about 

 hiAHUt, m: find prof.iiF><;rarif:<;.4, *;if.fi<:r in t.h/; j on*; ar.fJ om-half p<rr r;<;nf.., whilf; at. f>i<: prfK- 

 fonn of nnj,'H or an I»:i, .mirroiirirlinj< it, or «<r«- ! 4:nt. Uttu; in Franrf; it h ahoiit .«tf:Vfn ; in Gf-r- 

 rmri.t^f,fard<;«part.iall;/y.iinro.iiiflifi;<it.. From I many, f:ij/ht. to ninf; ; anrl in ffnssja,' ninf; to 



th»r«*: protiiUrranfrf!."!, whif^li an; so many rcM-.r- 

 voIr^ of «ap, biiflt an; tlirown out., wfti*;Ji «oon 

 \fA\<^}\\i-u info l>rariff)(:.H, on th<j nari'm-.f. of 

 ^hi'ii n<-w drd«;« or .f<;;rmf;Tit„'( an; fomififl, 

 (fr.'ifif^ r'lHti to nf;w bfirj.«» and n«:w hranrf,*;?!. 

 And l)»;n; we. rnay nofif:*; a <;Tm'oij.'« fjurt, viz: 

 tfiat f.lj<; hn'J.t anrj f;ran'fif;.t an; nf/t, fbrrn^.d in 

 tWrt-Ji. liht: (UK 



U:n per ccTit 'i'h*; r-o^it. vrsA nearly thirty cmtH 

 jH;r pound, wfiilf; at. i\„: pn;.«ifcnt time it i« aJxmt 

 forjr 'f-nts, 



M. l;<;ro«n<;, a Frfinrlmian, of)t,aIn(;d in 1811, 

 about two p-r ci-di. of f^i^nr Horn iUt: i,*:<d. 

 <)t.\n:r f:x\>i'.nmti\U yif-lr]*:d two and OTif;-balf 

 p*;r f:<;nt, A far;t,ory workin;^ /"/K> toTi« of \x:t±n 



'^^>"y>- anotli<;r; but ♦;a';h n*;w j m a no.m(}U wa,«t <:(m^MU^ii(\ onit*- *-xt.*;nMivf 

 f^4d I", f,.,.<.l,r;d out o/if:-tf.inJ OP OT)>;-f;ftb of tb<: I 'I},';n; Mc *;'<tabb'.^hm*rnt.^ now in ofx-ratlon 

 'urr.ntuic.rcjKU: iron, l.h>: Wru: of tbf; la.Ht. bud f,<t- j that work /;0,000 tonf. A rasp thcj, workf;d 



up about thnr<; tons p<;r diftn. Now, from l.OO 



low it, «o tliat ♦;a'rfi f<ufJ may have its bundb 

 of (tap v<:HH(:li* muti'in^ dircrtly to it, without 

 iiiU-.ri'i-.rUiif with the vfc.<»«cl.«( wiiicb nouri«h the 



bud f>*;low. 



'Ifii?! f;xj»an.<t(on of plant'*, b*;Iow and abovf;th<; 

 Koil, and f.h«; frontfant, ofi^-.u'iiK/ of n<;w mouf.h.<t or 

 or;.^an.«« of communication with the t:xU:ma\ 

 worlrl, an; the r:/)uivah:nt given to plants for 

 the power ot \()(jnii<)U(>it jjjiven to animal.**, 



'J h'; life and expansion of plant.n in limiUu 



to '/>()<> tons a day are eori^.timed by one ra> p, 



in ]H\2tU«: eo*t of manufaeturinj.^ f.ii'^'nr vrnit 

 about ninf; eentn per pound, (^fiernieal yehoolii 

 and imperial faetone.s were estabb'-h'-fl, and 

 }(ovemrnenf. ordered the eijltivatiwi of 100,0<X) 

 a/.Tes rif \nuitH. 



In l)(:(:i:m\>cr, 1814, favorable tariff duties 



infu.ted new life int/j the indu.<!try; manufae- 



... ... I turers introduced j.mat ituurovcmcittn in their 



t>y tf.eir nature and thf; ctrctmittancj-A m which eHtaf;li.*.hm<mt«, to .«luch an extent that they oli- 



tfiey an; phued. Some comph;t^; their tained «f;verity j,*;r f;ent, of jrjir* from the beet. 



the continuation of in lien of fifty and <-ixf,y, 'i'he yield of ftfjffar 



((rowtii and provide for 



their «pf;cie.s in one year, while other.<» con- I was from thn:e to four fkt f;^'nt„ anrl of 

 tinue to jfrow for two years, or for many years, I rnolay.'ses about five per c*^,t. M ('Jre«T>fcl 

 perhaps for centuries. So with animal life. lM\^,j. claimed that he obtained five «;r (At. 

 Some complete thf;ir growth and work in a mjj,ar and 4.8 mok^.ses. The cost of mana- 



ihw days or months, wiiile f^,bers continue for 

 several years, or scores of years, atj-.oril'iu'^ to 

 the laws of their nature. All livin;^ f>«;ings, 

 v/hether vegetable or animal, are subject, to cer- 

 tain iaws infi«:r»rnt in the con.ftitufion given to 

 them by the Greator, to which they must con- 

 fonn to attain the perfe^lion of which they are 

 capable. (Jinrumstanfres may and do jrrf.vc.ut 

 this entire conformity, hen*;<5 the imfxn^c^rtion 

 which we conitantly witness. j. n. 



Concord, Mfum., lH(j7. 



BEET 8UGAK, 

 To show the progress of the Jieet Sugar 

 manufacture in France, we copy a few para- 

 f.^raph.1 from -Mr. Grant's little volume on "Beet 

 li^^ot Sugar and Gultivatiom of the iJtet," 

 whirrh -Messrs. T><;c «fe Shepard have ju«t pub- 

 lished. 



In 1810, M. Deyenx, a rnemlj^rr of a cfmi- 

 mittee previously appointed by Napoleon I, to 

 investigate the subjer:t of the manufaf,-ture of 

 beet sugar, made his report, and present*;d 

 two loaves of siigar equal in bvkry resf^jct to 

 the best sugar from the cane, but neither the 

 jK,Tcentage of sugar obtained nor the <rost of 

 pro<luct.ion was given. Reports not well veri- 

 fied were published that in Germany from four 

 to hix per cent, of sugar had been obtained. 



fa/:t.uring was about sey^m cfjnts ]X:r jK/und, 



From 18:i2 to I8,';0 the number of rnanufar> 

 tories largely infrreased. The yield of sugar 

 was about five per cent,,, and the cost of pro- 

 ductlon alKjut five and one-balf cents ix:r 

 pound. 



In I82.'j F' ranee produced ,'///) tons of sugar 

 in over one hundred establishmeTits, F'nxm 

 18'>'^) to I8;;/> great progress was made, 'i'he 

 sugar produced was of improved quality, and 

 amounted to about five pfrr cfmt. of^the weigirt 

 of beets worked. TTie introduction of steam 

 [K)wer incTea''f;d the m^-ans of firoflurrtion ty;n- 

 fohl. In 18;;G four hundred and thirty-six 

 fk'^rf.ories vr(:n: in OfKrratlon. 



Since 1810 the production of h^;et augarin 

 FVance has doubled cviry ten years. 



Tliere w<-re sixty manufa/,'t.ories of befd; sngar 

 in Austria in 1840; in 18f;o the number had 

 incTea.-.ed to rme hundred and fort.y. 



'i'he States of the Zollverein have nearly 

 qiiadnjpled their product.ion in the past fifteen 

 years, ,v2,o8G tons having been produced in 

 I8.vO, againtt 18O,0^Kj tons in ^H^',r^-C,. 



'i'he intimate relation bf;tween this branch of 

 indu.stry and agricijlture develofx;d itself, and 

 there were no longer unimproved lands in the 

 vicinity of a .sugar niSLTinf'sLCtory. In the de- 

 partment of the iVort.h, where the indastry wa* 

 most firmly established, the numf>^;r of af'Tca 

 under cultivation in grain increased enonnou*- 



