252 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



JUXB 



ly, the beet pulp furnishing farmers with the 

 means of feeding an Increased number of cattle, 

 thus providing the means of fertilizing an in- 

 creased amount of land. 



L'Eclio Agricole says, that "all farmers who 

 obtain first prizes at the agricultural^ exhibi- 

 tions are either sugar manufacturers, distillers, 

 or cultivators of the beet. Those who have 

 adopted this branch of agriculture, either as 

 proprietors or tenants, have really obtained 

 astonishing results. 



M. Vallerand, who took the first prize in the 

 Department of Alsne, bought. In 1853, a farm 

 of eight hundred and thirty -two acres, the sales 

 of produce from which amounted to .^8,000. 

 In 1859 it produced $41,200. M. Dargent, 

 who took the first prize In the Department of 

 Seine Inferieure, cultivated only fifty_ acres. 

 He so Increased the production of this farm 

 that he obtained 154,000 pounds, or 68 tons 

 and 1G8 pounds, of beets from a single acre. 

 His yield of wheat was 43^ bushels, and of 

 oats 58i bushels to an acre. 



The culture of the beet involved the necessi- 

 ty of deep ploughing, heavy manuring, and 

 thorough weeding. The pulp from the juice 

 Is extracted in the manufacture Is an excellent 

 food for cattle, the number of which has been 

 increased. In the districts devoted to that In- 

 dustry, from eight to ten- fold since the intro- 

 duction of sugar-making. The caUle furnish 

 an immense amount of manure, which, applied 

 to the deeply-ploughed and well-weeded beet 

 lands enhances their productiveness for the ce- 

 real crops. In 1853, when the Emperor and 

 Empress came to Valenciennes, a trlumj)hal 

 arch was erected, with the following Inscrip- 

 tion : — 



Sugar Manufacture. 



Napoleon I. who created 

 it. 

 Before tlie manufacture of 

 beet EUgnr, the arronclisse- 

 ment of Valenciennes pro- 

 duced 695,750 bushels of 

 wheat, and fattened 700 

 oxen. 



Among the conclusions to which Mr. Grant 

 has arrived from his careful investigation of 

 the whole subject, are the following :— 



That the skill, which Is the result of the ex- 

 perience of more than a century, and which 

 has made France independent of foreign coun- 

 tries for her supply of sugar. Is available for 

 us to-day. 



That the manufacture of beet sugar can be 

 successfully transplanted from France to the 

 United States. 



That sugar can be produced in this country 

 from the beet nearly If not (julte as cheaply 

 as it (;an l)e from the cane in Cuba, or any 

 ■ other country. 



And tliat at present prices beet sugar can 

 be manufactured in this country at a profit of 

 from eighty to one hundred per cent. 



Napoleon III. wJio protect- 

 ed it. 

 Since the manufacture ot 

 beet sugar was introduced, 

 the arrondisfement of Va- 

 lenciennes produced 1,157,- 

 750 liushels of wheat, and 

 fattens 11,500 oxen. 



A KOUGH S"WAMP RECLAIMED. 

 A correspondent furnishes the following par- 

 ticulars of the reclamation of about two and a 

 half acres of land, situated in North Wobum, 

 Mass., near the soap factory cff Messrs. Eaton 

 »& Co. At first Mr. Eaton tried a small piece, 

 by applying a dressing of sand and manure to 

 the surface, but was not satisfied with the pro- 

 cess, as it settled down quite too solid, and he 

 was obliged to pick it all over. Most of thfe 

 swamp was thickly covered with bushes, the 

 mud varying from seven to fifteen feet deep, 

 in which were several open spring holes. 

 Six years ago, the swamp was drained, and 

 the top sod was entirely taken off, the spring 

 holes filled up and a layer of gravel was spread 

 over the surface. To this was added a com- 

 post of "sugar" gravel and horse manure, and 

 the whole piece seeded down. A dressing of 

 similar compost has been applied every fall. 

 Mr. Eaton estimated the first year's crop at 

 seven tons ; two years ago it was eleven tons ; 

 and last year he kept six horses through the win- 

 ter which had no other hay than that harvested 

 In two crops from this meadow. The whole 

 cost of reclaiming has been about eight hun- 

 dred dollars. 



Preparing Rennet. — At a late meeting of 

 the Little Falls, N. Y., Farmers' Club, Mr. 

 AVIlliam Davis stated his process : — He kills 

 his calves at four days old ; lets the calf suck 

 at night ; kills the next morning, and removes 

 the rennet : empties by turning It inside out. 

 Wipes with a solt cloth all iiltli that Is attached, 

 never washes ; salts and packs away for a few 

 days, until the rennet is saturated thoroughly 

 with salt ; hangs up on crotched sticks in a 

 room where the temperature Is about 60 de- 

 grees. When sufficiently dry, packs away se- 

 curely from flies, dust, &c. Does not use un- 

 til the next year. 



Curing Meat. — In Buffalo they are apply- 

 ing the Alberger process of curing meat. Af- 

 ter the animal is killed, the belly Is split open 

 and an Incision made In the heart ; then comes 

 scalding and bristling ; after this another incis- 

 ion made on the opposite side of the heart, 

 and into the two, rubber tubes inserted, and 

 brine well heated, (820°) forced in. In a few 

 minutes the brine is distributed through the 

 carcass, and the meat is cured, the remaining 

 blood being displaced at the same time. 



—A correspondent of the New York Farmers' 

 Club, says that chickens, worms or squirrels, will 

 not touch seed corn that has been smoked with 

 hams in a smoke house. 



