182 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



April 



strainer and the morning'' s milk strained upon 

 and through it, so that the cream is all dis- 

 solved and mixed with the milk, which is then 

 ready for the solution of rennet which is ap- 

 plied in sufficient quantity to bring the crjrd 

 (or cause coagulation) in one hour; the quan- 

 tity will be about a pint for thirty pails of 

 milk. The curd is then cut into inch squares 

 and stands until the curd settles. Then break 

 it up carefully with the hands and let it stand 

 till the curd settles again. After which dip 

 off two pailfuls of whey to set aside to cool, 

 also dip as much more to heat. When it is 

 hot dip it upon the curd ; then heat more whey 

 and put on hot whey three times, which scalds 

 or cooks the curd so that when a piece is bit- 

 ten there is a slight squeaking sound. During 

 this time it should be constantly stirred to pre- 

 vent it settling together and breaking it finer. 

 The warm whey is now drawn oiT and the 

 cold whey poured on to cool it. When cool, 

 drain dry and add a teacupful of salt to sev- 

 enteen pounds of curd, working it in with the 

 hands and continually breaking the curd. 

 Then spread a cloth in the hoop and fill in the 

 curd. Let it remain in the press twenty-four 

 hours, turning it once in the time. When 

 pressed enough put on the cloth sack which 

 has been saturated with whey butter, and put 

 the cheese on broad shelves, in a light, well- 

 ventilated room to cure. During the ripening 

 process it is turned and rubbed every day and 

 oiled with whey butter to keep it from drying 

 and cracking on the surface. 

 Beunet. 



The stomach of calves a week or more old 

 is filled with salt and hung to dry. When ren- 

 net is wanted put two or three into a stone jar 

 full of water ; after soaking a few days the 

 liquid is ready for use. Add water to the jar 

 in place of the liquid used, which keeps up the 

 supply. z. E. J. 



Irasburg, VL, Feb. 10, 1870. 



For the New England Farmer, 

 MEDICAL TOPICS. 



BT A MEDICAL MAN. 



How to Kestore Frozen Persona. 



The present winter having been unusually 

 mild, thus far, we have heard of no cases of 

 fatal, or even severe freezing. February and 

 and Marck, however, will probably give us 

 weather of another sort ; and it will be well 

 for every person to know how to treat, prop- 

 erly, one who is near perishing from exposure 

 to intense cold, or who has severely frozen 

 some portion of his body or extremities. 



The first effect of an exposure of the whole 

 body to severe cold, is an almost irresistible 

 impulse to sleep, which, if yielded to, is soon 

 succeeded by coma or stupor, and death. 

 During the state of coma, the body of the suf- 

 ferer is found to be very pale and cold ; the 

 respiration and pulse are almost imperceptible, 



and the pupils are dilated ; but the limbs are 

 flexible as long as life remains, unless the de- 

 gree of cold be very great indeed. 



Persons who have been exhausted by hun- 

 ger, watching, or fatigue, and those who in- 

 dulge in spiritous liquors, exhausted as they 

 are by perpetual stimulation, are much more 

 liable to suffer from cold, than are others. 



The indications of treatment whenever a 

 person has been exposed to severe cold, are, 

 1st. To produce moderate reaction, and restore 

 the circulation and sensibility ; and 2d. To 

 avoid excessive reaction, which would surely 

 lead to violent and dangerous inflammation. 

 The body should first be rubbed with snow ; 

 and afterwards, when its warmth and sensibil- 

 ity are a little restored, it should be wiped 

 quite dry, and well rubbed with fur or flannel. 

 The patient should now be put into a cold bed, 

 in a room without a fire, a stimulating enema 

 should be administered, and a little wine and 

 water, or very weak spirit and water, given as 

 soon as he can swallow ; — the enema may be 

 composed of water and salt, with a little oil of 

 turpentine. The after treatment must be reg- 

 ulated by the state of the patient. Mild cor- 

 dials or stimulants, and nourishing food will be 

 sufficient in most cases. Do not bring the pa- 

 tient into a warm room, nor apply artificial 

 heat, in any way, until complete reaction has 

 taken place, and all danger of excessive in- 

 flammation has passed by. 



Frost*bite. 



In cases where some portions of the body, 

 only, are frozen, as the feet or the hands, the 

 part or parts affected should be first rubbed 

 with snow; for, whilst the friction restores 

 the circulation and sensibility, the snow pre- 

 vents any excessive reaction. After a time, 

 cold water may be substituted for the snow 

 and the friction may be brisker. These ap- 

 plications should be made in a room without a 

 fire, and a high, or even a moderate temperature 

 must be avoided for some time, if the patient 

 would escape the subsequent inconvenience of 

 chilblains and running sores. If the freezing 

 has been so severe that mortification and 

 sloughing ensue, stimulating poultices, washes, 

 or ointments will be important. A poultice 

 made of yeast, or of carrots, with a little pul- 

 verized charcoal ; a wash of diluted creosote 

 or carbolic acid ; or an ointment in which cre- 

 osote or carbolic acid is an ingredient, — either 

 one of these will be useful. 



Chilblains consist in an atonic infiammation 

 of the skin, induced by sudden alternations of 

 temperature, such as warming the feet and 

 hands by the fire when cold and damp. A 

 great variety of things have been proposed as 

 remedies for these troublesome visitors ; but 

 all of them sometimes fail, though most of 

 them possess some virtue. The following are 

 among the best : — Soap liniment six parts, 

 tincture of cantharides one part ; spirit of 

 camphor, and spirit of ammonia, either sepa- 



