510 



XEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



Nov. 



cinnamon russet, with a reddish cheek ; flesh, 

 juicy, crisp, melting, with a spicy, vinous fla- 

 vor, which is peculiar, and quite distinct from 

 that of any other known sort. Season — No- 

 vtmber to January. The tree is one of the 

 strongeat growers, and comes into bearing 

 early." 



Many leading horticulturists have spoken 

 highly of this pear, as a decided acquisition. 

 President Wilder says : — " Its rich russet 

 color, high flavor and handsome appearance, 

 will give it a prominent place among our late 

 autumn varieties." The last edition of Down- 

 ing's Fruits and Fruit Trees classes it as "very 

 good." 



For the Ifew England Farmer, 

 PSODUCnVJa and DISTnlBUTIVE 



Indus TKY. 



Mr. Editor: — One of the most fruitful 

 sources of the antagonism of capital and labor 

 is to be discovered, in the opinion of the 

 writer, in the very unjust and inadequate con- 

 ceptions of what does really constitute capitaL 

 together with the attempt of a large propor- 

 tion of our active population of both sexes to 

 enter the Diatrihutive rather than the Produc- 

 tive departments of industry. 



That in a country like ours, where, in even 

 the oldest and most thickly settled communi- 

 ties, only a small pioportion of the soil is 

 brought under thorough cultivation, — without 

 any estimate of the illimitable area of land 

 BOW waiting for the hand of industry — there 

 should be any person of sound mind and 

 healthy body who should seek in vain for re- 

 munerative employment, seems an anomaly 

 too monstrous for the most gaping credulity to 

 swallow, and yet complaints are every day 

 reaching our ears from persons claiming to be 

 subjected to privations and haidsh'p, result- 

 ing either from want of remunerative employ- 

 ment or the cupidity of employers. Indeed, 

 so all-prevailing has ^e misapprehension al- 

 ready become, that it is quite common to hear 

 landholders complain of the unreliableness of 

 the great mass of laborers, and the almost 

 intolerable burden of the care of their own 

 lands, while many very respectable persons in 

 the industrial classes would be glad to find 

 quiet and decent homes in the agricultural 

 neighborhood but for the niggardliness of the 

 landowner. 



I wish, Mr. Editor, to call your attention to 

 two or three suggestions, and to ask you to 

 lay them before your readers, with the added 

 weight of your emphatic endorsement, if they 

 are, as I cannot doubt but they will be, such 

 as commend themselves to your own good 

 judgment. It is, of course, impracticable in 

 the brief limits of a single newspaper article, 



to more than barely allude to the various 

 theories of political economy which have 

 found advocates even in our own county. A 

 very general state of profound ignorance of 

 the main ideas of the science is no doubt at 

 the bottom of most of our rural difficulties. 

 By some strange fatality, most people have 

 come to look upon industry as a sort of tribu- 

 tary to capital, or rather to ready money or 

 lands ; overlooking the fact that this capacity 

 for industrial pursuits is itself the very best 

 capital, without which all other capital would 

 be worthless. 



Some one has lately said, in a very forcible 

 way, that a "sound, healthy, indust ious, 

 worl^ing man represents a sum of money equal 

 to that of which his yearly earnings are the 

 annual interest at lawful rales. So that he 

 who earns $G00, stands for what is better than 

 $10,000, for he can put himself to use, while 

 one who has only the ready money might 

 easily starve for want of some agent to use 

 his money for him." 



But I wish to show*, if I can, that the pro- 

 ductive departments of industry are, by the 

 same rule, so much better than any other, 

 that it is only as tributaries to them that the 

 other — the distributive — can possibly exist, 

 since but for the former there would and 

 could be nothing to distribute. Then, as an 

 investment, the former is as far in advance as 

 in any other light. Let any man with $1,000 

 in ready money invest it in the ordinary 

 course of trade, and he is accounted to be 

 lucky if he secures an annual return of twenty- 

 five, twenty, or even ten per cent. Let us 

 suppose, by way of illustration, he gains a 

 return for his one thousand, of two hundred 

 and fifty, or twenty-five per cent. Now, let 

 any intelligent man take this amount, $250, 

 and invest it in the cultivation of a field of 

 grain. If judiciously applied, in nine cases out 

 of ten, after paying all the expenses, interest 

 of land, «&c., he would receive a return, if not 

 fully equivalent to the one thou'-and originally 

 invested, which would be by no means out oi 

 proportion with the experience of the most 

 successful cultivators. It is perfectly safe to 

 expect more than twenty-five, fifty, or even one 

 hundred per cent, to say nothing of the com- 

 parative absence of all riska. 



It seems to me if this statement could be so 

 set forth in plain colors before the eyes of oui 

 industrious and energetic people, it woula 

 convince them that productive industry is the 

 best and safest way to make money — tFie b st 

 and safest investment ; it would go very far to 

 do away that most unreasonable and most 

 pitiful mistake, that labor is degrading ; and 

 we should often see persons, instead of going 

 into the money markets to make loans to in- 

 vest in trade or speculation, eager to buy or 

 hire land, in the belief that a better and surer 

 return would be thus realized than is or- 

 dinarily gained by the trader or stock gam- 

 bler. 



