1871. 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



91 



gallons of water ; the mouth to be washed 

 with it daily. 



3d. A solution of sulphate of copper (blue 

 vitriol,) one lb. to two gallons of water ; to 

 be applied to the sores on the feet. 



In this connection we re-publish from the 

 Farmeu of Dec. 24, the substance of Avhat 

 Dr. Law said at the meeting at Framingham. 



The disease was a kind of eruptive fever, the 

 sj-niptonjs being a hot mouth, costiveness, lame- 

 ne.-^s, ti.iihtne.^s of the skin, or "hide-bound," in the 

 farmer's jjhase. After the first symptoms blisters 

 appear in the mouth and on the teats and in the 

 parting of the hoofs. These dejienerate into ulcers 

 whichare liable, though not certaui, to result in 

 penuanent injuries, especially to the feet and 

 udder. In some cases the hoofs have come en- 

 tirely off. The animal refuses its food, apparently 

 froni soreness of the mouth rather than entire loss 

 of appetite. The milk becomes diseased and un- 

 wholesome, and when drank by manor other ani- 

 mals produces a similar state of disease in them. 

 In some eases it has proved fatal to ehiklren, and 

 swine and dogs have both been badly allected by 

 the virus. It appears to orighiatc in most cases in 

 the hoof of animals, and is not contagious through 

 the air. It continues through a period of fifteen or 

 twenty days. No immetliate cure c;m be expected, 

 but tlie isolation of the diseased animals was the 

 lirst thing to be done. 



The Professor recommended treatment as fol- 

 lows : — 



Wash the mouth with vinegar or some cooling 

 liquid, such as a dilution of carbolic acid, one 

 part of acid to one hundred and tiity of water ; and 

 for the teats, a wash of one part of earbolic aeid to 

 one hundred and fifty of glycerine may be used. 

 The hoof should be eleaned and the space between 

 parting of the hoof eleared of detached scarf,' skin 

 and lioni t)y drawing a strong rag roughly through 

 it. Then ap])ly to the raw surface pure carbolic 

 aeid, and biutl ^^■ith a rag covered with tar, tied 

 between the hoofs and around the pastern. 



As the inability of the animal to cat results 



from soreness of the mouth rather than loss of 



appetite, good nursing is of much importance. 



Soft food, such as boiled corn, Indian meal 



gruel, «S:c., should be given to preserve the 



strength of the animal. In bad cases it may 



be poured down- from a bottle. 



III. Its members shall consist of such persons as 

 shall sij,Ti the constitution and by-laws, and pay 

 annuallv the sum of 



IV. Its otlieers .shall consist of a Tresident, (two) 

 Viic-rrosidents, Seerctary and Treasurer, who 

 shall jointly eonstitute the Executive Committee, 

 and shall be elected annually. 



V. Its meetings shall be lield weekly, fortnightly 

 or monthly as the ease may be, at such places as 

 may be designated by the Club. 



VI. This eonstitution may be amended at any 

 regular meeting by a majority of the meml)ers pre- 

 sent, said amendment Laving been proposed at the 

 previous meetmg. 



By-Laws. 



I. The President shall jiresidc at all meetings of 

 the Club and Executive Committee, and have 

 power to call special mcetiijgs. 



II. One of the Vice-Presidents shall perform the 

 duties of the President during his absence. 



III. The Secretary shall record the proceedings 

 of the Club and conduct its correspondence. 



IV. The Treasurer shall receive all moneys, and 

 pay the same on the written order of the President, 

 countersigned by the Secretary. 



CONSTITUTION FOR FARMERS' CLUB. 

 As inquiries are often made for an outline 

 of organization, Ave copy the following form 

 of constitution and by-laws for a farmers' 

 club, from the Ontario Farmer ; forms which 

 the editor says are in use by an existing Far- 

 mers' Club. Of course it may be varied to 

 suit the circumstances or wishes of the mem- 

 bers of any association which may adopt it. 



Constitution. 



I. This firganization shall be known as the 



Farmers' Club. 



II. Its oiiject shall be the improvement of its 

 members in the theory and practieu of iigriculture, 

 and the ilis.-eniiiiatiou of knowledge relative to ru- 

 ral and household affairs. 



COTSWOLD SHEEP. 



A somewhat detailed account of the breed- 

 ing of the llocks and the management of the 

 farms on the Cotswold Hills in England, where 

 this breed of sheep originated, is furnished to 

 the Western liiq-al by William H. Sotham, a 

 native, we belive, of that section. 



Farmers there divide their land into seven 

 fields, and practice what is called the seven- 

 Held system of rotation. That is, take a given 

 field, and beginning with, 



1. Turnip fallow, 



2. Barley, 



3. Clover and rye-gross, mowed, 



4. Clover and rye-grass, pastured, 



5. Wheat, 



6. Vetches, 



7. Oats, and then turnips, &c., again. 



Consequently each field produces each of these 

 crops once in seven years. The turnips and 

 the vetches are fed olT by sheep, in rations, by 

 "hurdles," or movable fences on the grbund 

 where they grow. 



Mr. S. says that an acre of the light land of 

 the Cotswold bills will bear a ewe and her olT- 

 spring, under this system of fanning and ro- 

 tation of crops. Few farmers there keep less 

 than 150 ewes to breed from ; many, more 

 than double that ninnber. This 150 ewes 

 bring as many lambs, and frecjuently twenty 

 more, for many bring two; still there is an 

 allowance to be made for barrenness, escapes, 

 and deaths. This gives 150 ewes, 150 tegs, 

 and 150 lambs, on 150 acres of land. 



In respect to the common idea in this coun- 

 try that Cotswold sheep will not do well iu 



