1871. 



NEW ENGLAND FAEMER. 



103 



CRIBBING HORSES. j 



Having seen at diiFerent times in the Farmer, 

 extracts and replies respecting cribbing horses, its 

 cause, and cure, I tal^e the liberty to say,.that the 

 worst cribbers I ever saw, were .horses that had 

 always been put to the hardest kind of work, and I 

 further state from the best authority, that cribbing 

 horses have been entkely cured by sawing between 

 their front teeth with a very fine saw. 



WORMS IN THE LUNGS OF PIGS. 



Tell us what is the matter with the pigs. I had a 

 litter of pigs in October. They did finely for three 

 weeks, then they commenced coughing, stopped 

 gi'owing, and two of them had what I called the 

 blind staggers, but they lived along for three weeks, 

 chokmg and staggering about for some time after 

 eating their meals, and then one of them died. On 

 examination, I found hundreds of wonns crawling 

 out of his mouth, the size of a rye sti-aw, and from 

 six to nine inches in length. I then opened him 

 and he was full of worms, — thousands of them. 

 In a few days the other died in the same way. 

 After the first pig died I commenced putting ashes 

 into thcu' feed, and once in two days gave sulphur. 

 The rest of the pigs have ceased coughing, but are 

 little runts, and do not grow. Others have lost 

 their pigs in the same way. H. Spring. 



Washington, Mass., Jan. 9, 1871. 



Remarks. — There can be no doubt that the par- 

 asitic worms mentioned by our coiTCspondent were 

 the cause of the disease and death of his pigs. And 

 it is possible that the cases in Mkickville, men- 

 tioned m the Farmer of Jan. 14, as supposed cases 

 of lung and kidney or liver diseases may have been 

 produced by the same cause. Shiee MTiting our 

 remarks on those cases, we have seen statements in 

 the western papers which lead us to think that this 

 may be the case. 



A correspondent in Epworth, Iowa, -wTites to the 

 Western Ilural that he has lost ten fine Chester 

 "Whites, and that on examination he found the 

 lungs tilled with womis the size of a cambric 

 needle. His description of the symptoms is about 

 the same as that given by Mr. Spring. The Veter- 

 inaiy editor of the Rural, after some general re- 

 marks on the way in which different "entozoa" af- 

 fect animals, such as Flukes in sheep, "Strongy- 

 lus" — little round worms — in calves, sheep, pigs, 

 fowls, &c., says : — 



"In Eastern Europe it is not very uncommon to 

 find large numbers of wonns in the lungs of pigs 

 killed in the public slaughter-houses, and it is fre- 

 quent in Switzerland and Fr-nce. The male of this 

 species is from eight to nine Imes in length, and the 

 female about an inch and a half. The females are 

 by far the most numerous of the two. It is clear 

 that there are two distinct stages of the- affection, 

 the one mistaken for true turbercular disease, and 

 the other when the worms are fully developed and 

 lodged in the air-passages." 



"To cure the disease, inhalations of chlorine gas 

 are recommended, or the internal administration of 

 camphor and turpentine, in oil (accordmg to size of 

 animal — camphor, fifteen gi'ains to one drachm; 

 oil of tuq^entine, one to three di'achms ; and olive 

 oil, one-half to an ounce and a half; mix, and give 

 once daily.) Sound food must be allowed, with 



ferruginous tonics. The u'on may be given to the 

 extent of ten to twenty gi-ains daily to each pig, 

 with a drachm of common salt mixed together 

 with the food." 



making butter in avinter. 



Havmg been a reader of your valuable paper for 

 many years, and a practical farmer's wife for more 

 than twenty-five, I presume to offer a few simple 

 rules for making good butter in \\inter, as in your 

 last issue, "S." wants to know "what ails the 

 cream ?" 



In the first place, I would have the cows well 

 fed, well bedded, and milked as clean as possible. 

 Then it seems to me, if our farmers would take a 

 little more pains to make labor convenient, about 

 half the work would be saved. 



I have a closet m my kitchen, four feet six inches 

 high, five feet three inches long, one foot six inches 

 deep, with one board shelf in the centre, for 

 strength, and seven tiers of slats, set edgewise, 

 three-fourths by one and a half inches, and six 

 inches apart. This closet will hold over forty pans 

 of milk, as four large pans or five small ones will 

 stand on a shelf. 



When my milk comes from the bam, I strain it 

 into as many pans as it seems best, and set each 

 pan over a kettle of scalding water till a skim rises. 

 This process I think much better than scalding the 

 cream. When I skim off the cream I set it where it 

 will not chill, and stu- it faithfully each time I ad'/ any 

 to it. Before churning, I set my paU or pot behind 

 the stove, from twelve to twenty-fom- hours, and 

 have the chum well scalded before putting the 

 cream in. I do not have to churn over fifteen min- 

 utes. If these rules are earned out, a good article 

 will Ije produced even in wmter. Carrie. 



Worcester County, Mass., Jan. 7, 1871. 



E,emarks. — Mrs. Can-ie will receive the thanks 

 of many troubled butter-makers for the foregoing, 

 and if her description of that neat little milk closet 

 shall secure for others a lilce convenience, they will 

 have additional cause for gi-atitude, when showing 

 lumps of good winter butter, as the results of the 

 observance of Carrie's rules. 



SIGNS OF PREGNANCY IN COWS. 



I have two valuable cows, both raised by my- 

 self, one being of native breed wholly, the other half 

 Jersey. They both went to the bull near the same 

 time,"and till within a few days past, have given 

 promise, so far as I know, of coming in ajjout to- 

 gether ; and this would have been near the first of 

 March. But now I find at this late day, that one 

 of them appears like a cow not with calf. Is it 

 within your own, or the experience of any of your 

 correspondents, that a cow should for six months 

 after going to the bull appear as if all was right, 

 and yet at this late day, should lead you to suppose 

 her farrow ? As I do not recollect any discussion 

 of this topic in any number of your excellent pa- 

 per, I would thank you to lay it before your read- 

 ers and correspondents, and give us the results of 

 your OAvn or their experience. d. c. 



Essex County, Mass., Jan., 1871. 



Remarks.— Your cow is with calf; or, she has 

 aborted ; or, she is farrow. 



Is she with calf? Prof. Law mentions the fol- 

 lowing, as being trastworthy signs of pregnancy 

 in cattle. 1. Absence of desire for the bull at the 

 regular period. 2. The filling and pendant position 

 ! of the abdomen. 3. The movements of the calf, 

 ' seen m the right flank, especially after a drmk of 



