1871. 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



277 



which is called the excretory duct. This obstruc- 

 tion might have been caused by something talcen 

 Into the mouth with the food ; by a bony or chalky 

 concretion produced liy an excess of alkaline or of 

 saline matter in the blood ; or, by the presence of 

 worms. 



But we have said the swelling might have been 

 caused ■wholly by u'or?ns — indeed, we think such 

 was the case. We believe that the sub-lingual 

 gland was a nest of small, thread-like worms, called 

 filiaria ; and that other portions of the body, par- 

 ticularly the wind-pipe and bronchial tubes, wei-e 

 infested l)y the same little creatures. And here we 

 take the liberty to digress so far as to remark that 

 on further investigation and reflection, we are com- 

 pelled to entertain the opinion that the steer whose 

 case was described in the weekly Fakmek of March 

 18, 1871, was killed by the same little parasites — 

 the filiana hroncJdalis. 



The weakness of the cow, whose case we are 

 considering, was produced by the diarrhoea and 

 loss of appetite, and these were produced by in- 

 flammation of the mucous coat of the alimentar,' 

 canal, and if our theory respecting worms be cor- 

 rect, that was produced by the worms. 



The treatment proper in such cases must, of 

 course, depend mainly on what we may know con- 

 cerning the cause of the aftection ; and also, on the 

 particular features of each individual case. If ob- 

 structions exist in the gland or in its excretory 

 duct, they should be removed, whatever they may 

 be. If there be inflammation of the gland and 

 surrounding parts, that should be reduced if possi- 

 ble, b}' proper applications. I'incture of iodine is the 

 best thing for such a purpose. If worms are knowni 

 to exist, or if there is reason to suspect their exis- 

 tence, a strong solution of carholic acid should be 

 applied freely to the part or parts atfected, so far as 

 they can be reached ; and a weaker solution of the 

 same article should be administered internally, and 

 repeated at intervals of three or four hours. A 

 proper dose of this medicine would be, as we sup- 

 pose, an ounce or two of a solution as strong as a 

 man can hold in his mouth, and this should be still 

 further diluted with an equal quantity of water. 



If we had a cow affected with filiaria bronchialis 

 we should not expect to cure her ; but we should 

 have more confidence in carbolic acid than in any 

 other article with which we are acquainted, and 

 should use it. j. h. s. 



CORN FOR GREEN FODDER. 



I have a piece of ground of two-thirds of an acre 

 that I wish to sow to fodder corn. Please to tell 

 me how much corn I shall want to *an acre, what 

 kind is the best, and whether broadcast or in drills. 

 I want it for a green bite in summer, when things 

 are dried in the pasture. A Young Farmer. 



Beering, Me., 1S71. 



Remarks. — Large quantities of "fodder com" 

 are raised annually by the milk producers in the 

 country within twenty miles of Boston. About 

 four bushels to the acre is sowed, and it is usually 

 sowTi hi drills. The land is furrowed in rather 



wide and shallow drills, and if not liberally ma- 

 nured and ploughed under, some fertilizer is sown 

 in the drill, such as ashes, home-made guano, or 

 any of the special fertilizers that can be relied 

 upon. Old compost manure is an excellent stimu- 

 lant, and would be quite likely to cany out the 

 crop well. 



If the corn is sown broadcast it cannot be culti- 

 vated, so that there may be a crop of weeds as well 

 as corn, if the weeds get an early start before the 

 corn occupies all the ground. If in drills, the 

 horse and cultivator may keep the crop clean, with 

 a very little hand labor added. 



The fodder of sweet corn is much preferred by 

 most farmers. It is more nutritious than the com- 

 mon corn, does not grow so rank and consequently 

 there is less waste in it. It is bad policj' to sow it 

 very thick. In such case it excludes the air and 

 sun, gi'ows up of a pale, yellow color, and the 

 cattle do not eat it with that eagerness that they 

 do com which has plenty of room and sunlight. 



"When in drills the grains should not be strewed 

 along in a straight line, but scattered over a space 

 some eight or ten inches wide. The crop may be 

 harvested much more easily from drills than from 

 broadcast sowing. 



PLANTS FROM SEEDS. 



Will you or S. O. J. inform us if the Begonia 

 Rex, and Richardia maculata ai'e propagated from 

 seed; if so, how long before they will come to ma- 

 turity ? The seeds are recommended in the cata- 

 logues but we cannot always trust them. Is the 

 Clianthus a desirable house plant ? 



Keene, N. H., Apnl, 1871. Annie Durkee. 



Remarks. — The above named plants are gro^vn 

 from seeds, but I have never attempted their cul- 

 ture. Probably they would not come to maturity 

 for two or tlu'ce years, at least. Such green-house 

 plants require very careful treatment to vegetate 

 from seed; and Miss Durkee would have much 

 more satisfaction in the plants if she procured 

 them from the florists. The expense would be 

 about the same, and she Avould be certain of ob- 

 taining what she desired. At the Innisfallen 

 Green-houses, Pittsfield, Mass., she can obtain a 

 Begonia Rex for from twenty-five to fifty cents ; 

 and a Richardia maculata for fifty cents. The 

 latter requires to be kept dry in the winter, and is 

 started in the spring like a dahlia. 



I have never seen a Clianthus. The seeds that I 

 planted last season refused to germinate. The 

 "cuts" of it are very attractive, and it is highly 

 praised. In California it grows in gi-eat perfection, 

 and is called the Glory Pea. s. o. J. 



URINE AS A FERTILIZER. 



There is a urinal here in quantity about one 

 barrel per week ; it is contemplated to apply it to a 

 farm about one mile distant, and the question is. 

 How can it be best applied ? The farm is adai)tcd 

 to corn, potatoes and grass. Is there any cheap 

 substance known to chemists by the use uf which 

 the portion of urine nourishing to crops can be 

 separated and utilized, thus saving the expense of 

 transporting the waste portion ? If you would 



