THE NEW GENESEE FARMER 



AND GARDENER'S JOURNAL. 



M. B. BATEHAM, ) _.„_ 



E. F. MARSHALL, Proprietors. I »'"A'- 



1. ROCHESTER, FEBRUARY, 1840. ]VO. 2. J 



JOHN J. THOMAS, 



M. B. BATEHAM, Editors. 



PUBHsnEU MOXTHIiY 



IN CONKECTION WITU THE ROCHESTER SEED STORE AND AGRI- 

 CULTURAL REPOSITORV. 



TtRMS— FIFTY CE.NTS, per year, pnyalile nways in ad- 

 vance. 



Post Masters, Agents, and others, sending money free of 

 postage, will receive seven cojiies for 3$'t, — Tu-elcc copies for 

 ff5, — 't\centif-five copies (or 3J10. 



The pustaire on lliis paper is only one cent to any place 

 witliin tiiis state, and one and a half cent to any part of 

 the United States. 



CONTENTS OF THIS NritIBE}t. 



To Agents, Correspondents, (ind Renders 17 



Comparative Value of Green tV, Dry Wood for fuel 17 

 Seosonable Hints — Care of Animals in Winter — 

 Pruning Trees and Vines — Preparing manure for 



Hot-beds — Procuring Seeds, &c 18 



Our Views on tbe Silk Culture— "Journal of the 



American Silk Society" 18 



Value of Sweet Apples 18 



Scraps from our Memorandum Book — Papering 

 Rooms— Transplanting— Preserving Hams— Ra- 

 zor Strnps— Value of Fruit — Marking Bags, «.V:c. 



— Raising Water from Wells 19 



Farm Stock, No. 1, hy W. S. T 19 



Culture of Mangel Wnrtzel and Sugar Beets, by 



Wm. Garbutt, of Wheatland 20 



Profits on a Peck of Rohan Potatoes 20 



The Importance of an Agricultural Paper in the 



Genesee Country 21 



Fruit Trees from Cuttings — Grafting Wild Cherry 21 



Mode of extracting Wax from Honey 21 



Importance of Forest Trees — Sowing the Seed .... 22 

 Prcijiecta of the Silk Culture in the United States, 22 



Rules for Housewives 23 



Two Faults of a Horse — To deslrov Weevils.... i'i 



Our Encouragement — Letter from C**** 24 



Extracts from Correspondence — Red Root in Clo- 

 ver Seed — Preventive of Hoof-Ail — Mangel 

 Wurtzel, First Attempt — Carrots fur Horses. . . 24 

 Enquiries, &c. — Taste of Turnips in Milk — Lime 

 aa Manure for Wheat — Large and Small Clover 

 — Making Beet Sugar — Merchant's Drill Bar- 

 rows — Our Paper and the Cultivator...... 24 



Agricultural Implements — Gilson's Root Slicor 



and Gilson's Straw Cutter, (with cuts) 25 



A Visit to Mrs. Lnngworthy's — To Make Light 



Johny Cake, and Indian Pan-cakes 25 



Review of Loudon's Suburban Garden 26 



Meteorological Residts for 1839, by Prof. Dewey. 26 



Observations on Snow, by C. D 26 



On Spreading Long Manures, by L. E. Lathrop. 27 



Culture of Indian Buck-wheat 27 



China Tree Corn — once more 27 



Experiments on Potatoes 27 



Important Considerations for Farmers, &c 28 



An Appeal to the Farmers of Monroe Co. — Propos- 

 ed Agricultural Society 28 



Rohan Potatoes, by E. Harmon 29 



Notice of the Cultivator 29 



"Preparing Manure for Hot-beds," F..xplained. . . 29 



Barn Cellars for Roots 29 



The Life of a Husbandman 29 



The Cultivation of Celery 3n 



Review of the " Farmer's Companion" 30 



Better Buy than Borrow 3] 



Decomposition and Putrefaction of Vegetables 31 



Wheat Market in Ohio— Sfngulor Tenures, &c.. 31 



The Good Work Advancing 32 



Rochester Prices Current, &c ' 82 



Alteration of Terras to .\gents, &c. 



The very low price M which this paper Is puhlishe.1, will 

 not admit of a very liberal compensation to agents. But ow- 

 ing to the extreme scarcity of money, ;ind oilier unfavorable 

 circumstances, we have concluded to offer additional induce- 

 ments to those who can send us a few nnnies, but who think 

 they cannot obtain a large number. 



We will, hereafter, seiul pevcn cojiii's for S3 ; twelve co- 

 pies for S5 : and went) -five copies for ®10, The money, in 

 all cises, to be sent free cf pottage. We make this oiler, in 

 the hope and expectation of greatly in'rcasing our subscrip- 

 tion list. And we most respectfully a>k all Post-masters, and 

 the friends of agriculture, especially in the Genesee Country 

 and the West, to lend ua their aid. Without vigorous effort, 

 on the par; of the friends of the cause, a paper of this kii-d 

 eanno! le suetftlt.el. at h p.-Ue vvhi.'h places It ivlrbln the 



reach of all. W'q scarcely believe there can be a post-office, 

 or neighborhood, where an agent cannot, by a little effort, at 

 least obtain enough subscribers to secure himself a copy 

 gratis. Will you try it ? 



Number cue, and Number two. 



Our stock of number one became so much reduced that we 

 could not send it to :us many persons as we desired. AVe 

 have, theiefore, printed a few hundred extra copies of num- 

 ber two, which we send, as a specimen, to some persons who 

 are not subscrilicrs, and have not received ihe first number. 

 If any who receive it do not wish to subscribe, tliey will 

 oblige us by handing it to their neighbors, who, on examina- 

 tion, may wish totake it. 



Post-masters and agents are requested to take care of any 

 extra copies which theyfpossess of numi er one, and be care- 

 ful to mention to us such new subscribers as arc supplied 

 with it. 



To Readers and Correspondents. 



We feel great pleasure in presenting our sheet to the 

 public this month. The numerous and able commu- 

 nications which it contains, coming, as they do, from 

 men of science, and talent, and worth, as well as from 

 men of great practical experience and devotion to the 

 cause of agriculture, cannot but be regarded as a proof 

 that Western New York, the justly famed Genesee 

 Countiy, is still determined to have the honor, not 

 only of being called the richest agricultural section in 

 the Union; but, of sustaining one of the best agricul- 

 tural Journals in the Union. 



Owing to the insinuations of those whose interests 

 are opposed to the success of this paper, some persons 

 have looked upon our efforts with a degree of doulit and 

 suspicion. To such persons we would say, do not 

 oppose us, — let our deeds testify, — let the prompt and 

 able assistance, together with the unqualified approba- 

 tion which our undertaking has received from the 

 friends of improvement, throughout the land, testify; 

 and then sny whether the New Genesee Farmer is not 

 entitled to the confidence and support of the community, 

 and whether it will not attain as high n reputation, for 

 talent and usefulness, aa did its predecessor. 



To our friends and correspondents we would say, 

 you have our sincere thanks, and you ma„ have the 

 satisfaction of knowing that your labors are doing good 

 to ten thousand readers. And for their snkes — for the 

 sake of the cause of agriculture, ond the honor of the 

 Genesee Country — we entreat you to continue your 

 contributions, and enlist others in behalf of our under- 

 taking, and success and usefulness shall crown our ef- 

 fortr. » 



Editors of Navspapcrs need not take the trouble to 

 send i;s their papers in exchange, unless specially re- 

 quested. Those who have kindly noticed our paper 

 shall receive it for the year. Any others, who desire 

 it, can hove it on the same terms: only sending us the 

 paper containing the notice. 



Attention. Farmers! 



We advise every farmer, into whose hands this pa- 

 per may fall, not to throw it carelessly aside. It con- 

 tains matters of great importance to every cultivator of 

 the soil, and deserves a careful perusal. Is he a farmer 

 of Monroe County? we oik him first to read ibe appeal 

 of his sincere friend and brother faruui', "X. Y,," and 

 also of "MoNRor," Poes be belong to some other 

 part of the Genesey Country, or the ^yeat? let him 

 first read the Messogcfrom "Gkneske," or "C****," 



The articles in this psper are mostly written by 

 practit^al farmers thcniaelven, men who workhsird with 

 their hai\ds ns well os their heads, who speak whnt 

 they rfi) A-wotf , mid iralify of what tlicv irt'c sc. n. 



GREEN AND DRY WOOD FOR FUEL. 



We sometimes hear the opinion advanced, that of 

 green and dry wood, in equal quantities, the former 

 produces ,the greatest amount of heat, in combuetioii. 

 More frequently it is asserted, that although green 

 wood may not produce more, if as much, heal aa dry, 

 yet it makes a much hotter fire. 



In determining these questions, two things are to 

 I be taken ilito consideration, which are very important. 

 The first is, the quantily of heat which is lost by es- 

 caping through the chimney; ond the second is, what 

 kind of wood prevents most this loss 



It has been found by experiment, that in a common 

 brick fire place, nine-tenths of the heat is lost. By 

 such a mode of warming houses, therefore, that kind 

 of fuel which will produce the greatest quantity of 

 heat, is not ncccssarHy the most effective. Dry wood, 

 for instance, may cause a strong upword current, and 

 so occasion the loss of a greater quantity of heat than 

 green wood. The latter, though not actually produ- 

 cing so much heat, may still warm a room better, iji 

 proportion to its heat, by throwing it more into the 

 room. A parallel caee occurs in the blacksmith's 

 forge, where water sprinkled over the surface of the 

 burning coal, by cooling that surface, and thus pre- 

 venting the enclosed heat from flowing out so freely 

 in hot currents, causes a greater heat within, and a 

 less rapid combustion of the coal without, than would 

 otherwise be the cose. So green wood, placed upon 

 an open fire, by lessening the draught, and continuing 

 longer in burning, may produce more heat, in the 

 room, or at least, nwre in proportion to its actual heat- 

 ing power, than dry wood. This, of course, applies 

 to the common mode of burning green and dry wood 

 by splitting the former unnecessarily small. There ia 

 no doubt, however, thot if wood is well seasoned, and 

 the sticks very large, so as to produce much less cur- 

 rent, oud a longer combustion, it would impart more 

 heat to a room than green \vood, even from an open 

 fire place. 



But in stoves and hot-air furnaces, where a large 

 portion of the heat is saved, the diflcrence between 

 green and dry wood, and in favor of tbe latter, becomes 

 strikingly apparerit. We have recently had a good 

 opportunity of ascertaining this difference with some 

 degree of precision, by means of a hot-air furnace, 

 and find that good and eomrd green maple wood pro- 

 duces only about one-third as much heat as the same 

 kind in a well-seasoned state. 



This difi'erence is owing lo the large quantity of 

 water contained in green wood, which it is necessary 

 to evaporate before the wood will burn. And in eva- 

 porating this water, it wiU be recollected, that a large 

 amount of heat passes off in a latent stale,— that this 

 amount is about four times as great as is required to 

 heat the water from the freezing to the boifing point. 

 The writer of this article has made experiments to de- 

 termiue «he quantity of water contained in green 

 wQod, (ind has Ihund it to be at least one-third of the 

 whole weight of the wood; itat is, seosoned wood is 

 only two-thirds as heavy as green. A litde calcula- 

 tion will show that there must consequently be at least 

 six barrels of water in a cord of green wood, which 

 must all be evaporated before the wood con burn. The 

 latent heat carried ofi" in the vopor of this wotc.- must 

 be four times as great as is required to heat it from free- 

 zing to boiling; that is, in every cord of green wood 

 which the farmer burns, he loses as much heat unne- 

 cessarily, ns would be requirad to boil twenty-four bar- 

 rels of water 



FartiKjrs should, therefore, cut and cord their wood 

 a year .'n advance — and its value for burning in stoves 

 w;ill be more than double hy this seasonable eore. 

 Xow- is the time. 



